Fiber-pigtailed temperature sensors based on dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide-ring resonators

Abstract

We demonstrate optical fiber-pigtailed temperature sensors based on dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguide-ring resonators (DLSPP-WRRs), whose transmission depends on the ambient temperature. The DLSPP-WRR-based temperature sensors represent polymer ridge waveguides (~1×1 µm(2) in cross section) forming 5-µm-radius rings coupled to straight waveguides fabricated by UV-lithography on a 50-nm-thick gold layer atop a 2.3-µm-thick CYTOP layer covering a Si wafer. A broadband light source is used to characterize the DLSPP-WRR wavelength-dependent transmission in the range of 1480-1600 nm and to select the DLSPP-WRR component for temperature sensing. In- and out-coupling single-mode optical fibers are then glued to the corresponding access (photonic) waveguides made of 10-µm-wide polymer ridges. The sample is heated from 21°C to 46 °C resulting in the transmission change of ~0.7 dB at the operation wavelength of ~1510 nm. The minimum detectable temperature change is estimated to be ~5.1∙10(-3) °C for the bandwidth of 1 Hz when using standard commercial optical detectors.

Active Nanophotonic Circuitry Based on Dielectric‐loaded Plasmonic Waveguides

“…Looking from another prospective, this means that the WRR transmission is sensitive to the ambient temperature, leading to the idea of a WRR-based temperature sensor. [ 197,198 ] The temperature variations of about ≈1 °C were monitored with the estimation of a minimal detectable level…”

Size-Independent Parameter for Temperature-Dependent Surface Plasmon Resonance in Metal Nanoparticles

“…In context with this, several shapes and different-sized NPs are studied. Various SPR-based temperature sensors were reported, using crystal fiber filled with silver nanowires, gold NP incorporated oxides, polymer-functionalized gold nanoprisms, dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide-ring resonators, and so on. SPR dependence on temperature for gold nanoparticle in silica matrix form 17–915 °C was studied by Yeshchenko et al Red shift, along with broadening of SPR band is observed in gold NP with increase in temperature.…”

Detuned-resonator induced transparency in dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguides

“…Numerical simulations have also been performed to understand the phenomenon and to help estimate the group index achieved in the fabricated double-resonator structures. Although the achieved group index is not high due to plasmonic resonator loss, the DRIT still provides a new means of waveguide dispersion control and we also expect that DRIT can find broad applications in the on-chip sensing area, e.g., in temperature sensing [15], because the induced transmission peaks in DRIT are more sensitive to index change.…”