Fiber‐forming properties of polymer mixture melts and properties of fibers on their basis

Abstract

The fiber‐forming properties of the following polymer mixture melts have been investigated: polypropylene‐copolyamide (PP/CPA), polyoxymethylene‐copolyamide (POM/CPA), POM‐copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (POM/EVAC), PP/EVAC, EVAC/CPA, and polypropylene‐polyvinylalcohol (PP/PVA). The capability of the polymer mixture melts to fiber‐form was estimated by degree of the polymer melt longitudinal deformation. It has been determined that the fiber‐forming properties of polymer mixture melts can be regulated by changing the chemical nature of the mixture components, structure‐formation processes and by introducing various additives of polymer and non‐polymer nature into binary mixture. The mechanism of action of additives is connected with changing microrheology processes during mixture melt flowing under the influence of the specific interaction between polymer macromolecules and additives at the interphase. The complex threads from PP, POM or EVAC microfibers have been produced and the features of their structure and properties have been investigated. There are the following distinctive properties of the complex threads consisting of microfibers: high strength and initial modulus, high elasticity, exclusive softness, pleasant feel, coupling, capaciousness, and wool‐likeness without special textural procedures, high sorption of moisture, dyes and other substances.

Recent progress in micro‐/nano‐fibrillar reinforced polymeric composite foams

“…Melt spinning can be used to manufacture multifilament yarns instead of the non‐woven mats described in the following sections. [ 99, 100 ] These yarns are sent as raw materials to textile factories. Melt spinning uses a raised extruder supplying polymer to a spinneret.…”

Development of nanofibrillar morphologies in poly(l-lactide)/poly(amide) blends: role of the matrix elasticity and identification of the critical shear rate for the nodular/fibrillar transition

“…80 Other authors have examined bril formation in the converging die entrance and found droplet coalescence to occur there. 30,80,81 In brief, in the case of the present study, the combined effect of deformation and coalescence leads to brillation of the PA11 dispersed phase droplets in viscoelastic PLA matrix modied by the ( CE [.…”

“…The second step, of forming process (by extrusion or injection) shall be carried out under conditions of temperature, strain rate deformation and residence time which do not to alter, or minimize the alteration of, the brillar structure previously obtained. For this purpose, the forming temperature of the dispersed phase must be 30 C higher than that of the matrix. Thus, taking into account the constraints imposed on the one hand for obtaining the brillation of the dispersed phase during compounding and stretching and on the other hand for preserving the brillar structure during forming process, the number of polymers pairs suitable for these processes and showing an industrial interest is generally relatively limited.…”

Interconnected, microporous hollow fibers for tissue engineering: Commercially relevant, industry standard scale‐up manufacturing

“…Tsebenko et al investigated the fiber forming properties of polymer blends consisting of polypropylene/co‐polyamide (PP/CPA), polyoxymethylene/co‐polyamide (POM/CPA), polyoxymethylene/co‐ethylene vinyl acetate (POM/EVAC), PP/EVAC, EVAC/CPA, and polypropylene/polyvinyl alcohol (PP/PVA) via capillary viscometer measurements . Their findings indicate that the fiber forming properties of the resultant polymer blends depend strongly on the miscibility of the polymers and interactions between the polymers . In a related study poly(lactic acid)/PVA (PLA/PVA) blends were prepared via melt blending at varying PLA:PVA blend ratios and molded into thin plates .…”