Fiber Bragg grating sensors for monitoring of physical parameters: a comprehensive review

Abstract

Fiber Bragg grating has embraced the area of fiber optics since the early days of its discovery, and most fiber optic sensor systems today make use of fiber Bragg grating technology. Researchers have gained enormous attention in the field of fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensing due to its inherent advantages, such as small size, fast response, distributed sensing, and immunity to the electromagnetic field. Fiber Bragg grating technology is popularly used in measurements of various physical parameters, such as pressure, temperature, and strain for civil engineering, industrial engineering, military, maritime, and aerospace applications. Nowadays, strong emphasis is given to structure health monitoring of various engineering and civil structures, which can be easily achieved with FBG-based sensors. Depending on the type of grating, FBG can be uniform, long, chirped, tilted or phase shifted having periodic perturbation of refractive index inside core of the optical fiber. Basic fundamentals of FBG and recent progress of fiber Bragg grating-based sensors used in various applications for temperature, pressure, liquid level, strain, and refractive index sensing have been reviewed. A major problem of temperature cross sensitivity that occurs in FBG-based sensing requires temperature compensation technique that has also been discussed in this paper.

Fiber-Optic Microstructure Sensors: A Review

“…It is mainly used for temperature and strain sensing and can also be combined with transducer structures to achieve acceleration, force, and pressure measurements. Moreover, in terms of different inscription conditions, FBGs could be further classified into Type I, Type IA, Type II, and Type IIA [30]. Among them, Type I grating [31] is the most widely used type of FBG and is made by using common photosensitive fiber using moderate intensity, but its operation temperature is low, only 200 .…”

High Speed, Localized Multi-Point Strain Measurements on a Containment Vessel at 1.7 MHz Using Swept-Wavelength Laser-Interrogated Fiber Bragg Gratings

“…FBGs are sensitive to strain and temperature and have been used for many years [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The process for manufacturing the gauge is to write a periodic index change into a single mode fiber which can be done uniformly or non-uniformly [ 20 ].…”

“…Fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) are routinely used for making static and dynamic strain and temperature measurements up to the kHz range [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Significant improvements have also been made to FBGs to improve strength and versatility [ 4 , 5 , 6 ] while also improving sensitivity [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Growth Mechanisms of ZnO Micro-Nanomorphologies and Their Role in Enhancing Gas Sensing Properties

“…Sensors have become of crucial importance in several aspects of our daily life, allowing us to monitor physical, chemical, biological, and environmental parameters [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Small dimensions, low cost and consumption, easy use, wearability, and light weight are required to use sensors in a great number of new applications [ 4 ].…”