Fever after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with mRNA-Based Vaccine Associated with Higher Antibody Levels during 6 Months Follow-Up

Kanizsai, Andrea; Molnár, Tihamér; Varnai, Reka; Závori, László; Tőkés-Füzesi, Margit; Szalai, Zoltan; Berecz, Janos; Csécsei, Péter

doi:10.3390/vaccines10030447

Cited by 15 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The score showed that COVID-19 infection history and adverse reactions positively affect the AUC, whereas age, diabetes, and collagen diseases negatively affect the AUC. These positive and negative factors are consistent with previous studies (22, 25-28). In addition, diabetes and autoimmune diseases have been reported to be risk factors for breakthrough infections (29, 30).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A personalized antibody score for predicting individual COVID-19 vaccine-elicited antibody levels from basic demographic and health information

Nakamura

Park

Kim

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Antibody titers wane after two-dose COVID-19 vaccinations, but individual variation in vaccine-elicited antibody dynamics remains to be explored. Here, we created a personalized antibody score that enables individuals to infer their antibody status by use of a simple calculation. We recently developed a mathematical model of B cell differentiation to accurately interpolate the longitudinal data from a community-based cohort in Fukushima, Japan, which consists of 2,159 individuals who underwent serum sampling two or three times after a two-dose vaccination with either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. Using the individually reconstructed time course of the vaccine-elicited antibody response, we first elucidated individual background factors that contributed to the main features of antibody dynamics, i.e., the peak, the duration, and the area under the curve. We found that increasing age was a negative factor and a longer interval between the two doses was a positive factor for individual antibody level. We also found that the presence of underlying disease and the use of medication affected antibody levels negatively, whereas the presence of adverse reactions upon vaccination affected antibody levels positively. We then applied to these factors a recently proposed computational method to optimally fit clinical scores, which resulted in an integer-based score that can be used to evaluate the antibody status of individuals from their basic demographic and health information. This score can be easily calculated by individuals themselves or by medical practitioners. There is a potential usefulness of this score for identifying vulnerable populations and encouraging them to get booster vaccinations.Significance statementDifferent individuals show different antibody titers even after the same COVID-19 vaccinations, making some individuals more prone to breakthrough infections than others. Such variability remains to be clarified. Here we used mathematical modeling to reconstruct individual post-vaccination antibody dynamics from a cohort of 2,159 individuals in Fukushima, Japan. Machine learning identified several positive and negative factors affecting individual antibody titers. Positive factors included adverse reactions after vaccinations and a longer interval between two vaccinations. Negative factors included age, underlying medical conditions, and medications. We combined these factors and developed an “antibody score” to estimate individual antibody dynamics from basic demographic and health information. This score can help to guide individual decision-making about taking further precautions against COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A personalized antibody score for predicting individual COVID-19 vaccine-elicited antibody levels from basic demographic and health information

Nakamura

Park

Kim

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These results are in agreement with those obtained by Kadali and coauthors [23]. In the long term, fever may play a signi cant role in the immunological response following vaccination; chills and fever were found to have a signi cant relationship with an antibody response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein [24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In the present study, manifestations of allergy as rash, hives and atopic eczema rarely occurred after COVID-19 vaccine. Allergy was reported in about one fourth of those who received COVID-19 vaccine [24]. However, only few cases of severe allergic reactions have been reported after COVID-19 vaccination [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 vaccination trends and side effects among Egyptian hemodialysis patients: a multicenter survey study

Nassar

Salem

Abdel-Gawad

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Patients on chronic hemodialysis (CHD) for end stage kidney disease (ESKD) face unique circumstances that increase their risk of infection with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Vaccination may be a key intervention to prevent infection in these patients. This study aimed to determine the COVID-19 vaccination status in Egyptian CHD patients and analyze the safety and detailed side effect profile of COVID-19 vaccine among these patients. Methods:This survey-based study conducted on 670 ESRD patients on CHD at the period from 3 December 2021 to 5 February 2022. Subjects were asked about sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and therapeutic data, history of COVID-19 infection, associated symptoms and sequalae in addition to their COVID-19 vaccination status. If the subject had been vaccinated, we inquired about the type of vaccine and the side effects that occurred within few days after administrating of the first and second dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Additionally, subjects were inquired about the onset of side effects (days from vaccination), timing of maximum symptoms, intensity of symptoms and their effect on activity and need for medical attention.Results:The study included 670 CHD patients with mean age of 50.79 years ,58.1% were females. Of them, one hundred and seventy-three patients (25.8%) had previously been infected with COVID-19. About three fourths (72.2%) reported that healthcare providers (HCP) strongly endorsed COVID-19 vaccine. The vast majority (614; 91.6%) of the studied patients received 2 doses of the vaccine. AstraZeneca and Sinopharm were the most used vaccines (50.3% and 35.5% respectively). Side effects were commonly reported after the first dose than the second dose. The main general side effects that reported after the first dose were generalized weakness/fatigue (56%), headache (43.8%) and fever (40.4%). Sore arm/pain was reported in about one third (29.3%) after the first dose. Myalgia and generalized muscle pain was reported in 90 (14.7%) patients after the first dose and 9 (1.5%) after both doses. Anxiety (25.4%), psychological stress (12.9%), increase in sleep (9.3%), depression (2.8%) and decrease in memory (2%) were reported among recipients after the first dose and rarely reported after the second one. Adverse events mostly occurred within one day after vaccination and the maximum symptoms usually happened at the second day. The median duration of symptoms was 3 days with maximum duration up to 5 days. Only 4.2% required transient time off from work.Conclusions:Our preliminary findings support the favorable short term safety profile of COVID-19 vaccine among CHD patients and hence, can reassure both clinicians and patients, as well as promote further COVID-19 vaccine administration among these patients.

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“…Studies that used scores based on the sum of the presence or a severity scale of solicited adverse reactions showed no significant correlation of adverse reactions with the spike-specific IgG titers [24–26]. On the other hand, when each reaction was separately analyzed, the presence of fever after the second dose was shown to be correlated with high IgG titers [27]. In the study, fever was used in the analysis by its presence or absence, not degree.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted July 28, 2022. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.25.22277569 doi: medRxiv preprint the presence of fever after the second dose was shown to be correlated with high IgG titers [27]. In the study, fever was used in the analysis by its presence or absence, not degree.…”

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of post-vaccination fever with specific antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 booster and no significant influence of antipyretic medication

Tani

Ikematsu

Goto

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: A SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine booster elicits sufficient antibody responses that protect against COVID-19, whereas adverse reactions such as fever have been commonly reported. Associations between adverse reactions and antibody responses have not been fully characterized, nor has the influence of antipyretic use. Methods: This is a prospective observational cohort study in Japan, following our prior investigation of BNT162b2 two-dose primary series. Spike-specific IgG titers were measured for SARS-CoV-2-naive hospital healthcare workers who received a BNT162b2 booster. The severity of solicited adverse reactions, including the highest body temperature, and self-medicated antipyretics were reported daily for seven days following vaccination through a web-based self-reporting diary. Results: The data of 281 healthcare workers were available. Multivariate analysis extracted fever after the booster dose (beta=0.305, p<0.001) as being significantly correlated with the specific IgG titers. The analysis of 164 participants with data from the primary series showed that fever after the second dose was associated with the emergence of fever after the booster dose (relative risk: 3.97 [95% confidence interval: 2.48-6.35]); however, the IgG titers after the booster dose were not affected by fever after the second dose. There were no significant differences in the IgG titers by the use, type, or dosage of antipyretic medication. Conclusions: These results suggest an independent correlation between mRNA vaccine-induced specific IgG levels and post-booster vaccination fever, without any significant influence of fever after the primary series. Antipyretic medications for adverse reactions would not interfere with the elevation of specific IgG titers.

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Fever after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with mRNA-Based Vaccine Associated with Higher Antibody Levels during 6 Months Follow-Up

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

A personalized antibody score for predicting individual COVID-19 vaccine-elicited antibody levels from basic demographic and health information

A personalized antibody score for predicting individual COVID-19 vaccine-elicited antibody levels from basic demographic and health information

COVID-19 vaccination trends and side effects among Egyptian hemodialysis patients: a multicenter survey study

Correlation of post-vaccination fever with specific antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 booster and no significant influence of antipyretic medication

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