Feulgen reaction study of novel threadlike structures (Bonghan ducts) on the surfaces of mammalian organs

Shin, Hak Soo; Johng, Hyeon Min; Lee, Byeong Cheol; Cho, Sung-Il; Soh, Kyung Soon; Baik, Ku Youn; Yoo, Jung Sun; Soh, Kwang Sup

doi:10.1002/ar.b.20061

Cited by 115 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The morphological characteristics of Figs 6 and 7 are identical to those of the primomicrocells that have been reported in previous works (Shin et al 2005;Ogay et al 2006;Kwon et al 2007;Baik et al 2009). These primo-microcells have been thought to play a role in cell development, tissue renewal, and wound healing (Kim 1965;Fujiwara 1967).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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A cytological observation of the fluid in the primo-nodes and vessels on the surfaces of mammalian internal organs

et al. 2010

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Abstract:We report on the preliminary cytological observation of fluid in the primo-nodes and vessels on the surfaces of the internal organs of mammals. With some microsurgical procedures, we observed many cells and microcells that spread out of the nodes on the organ surfaces of rats and rabbits. These cells generally showed the following morphologies: (1) round or oval cells, 10 µm in size, with predominantly little cytoplasm; (2) cells with nuclei that exhibited a collapsed shape; (3) binucleated cells, 20 µm in size; (4) spherical granules, ranging 0.5-2.0 µm in size (primo-microcells); and (5) aggregations of such granules. These findings on the existence of cells with diverse morphologies in the fluid of primo-nodes and vessels could be evidence supporting the hypothesis that the anatomical basis of acupuncture meridians (i.e., primo-vascular system) may be a migration channel for various kind of cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Very recently, some morphological features of primomicrocells have been studied (Ogay et al 2006;Kwon et al 2007;Baik et al 2009), providing evidence for the circulatory function of the primo-vessels (Shin et al 2005;Lee et al 2007;Sung et al 2008Sung et al , 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cytological observation of the fluid in the primo-nodes and vessels on the surfaces of mammalian internal organs

et al. 2010

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“…A distinction based on gross anatomical features (Shin et al, 2005) and histological details ) in rabbits was reported before. The primo vessels floating inside the flow of lymph vessels of rats and rabbits manifestly demonstrated that they are two different systems (Lee et al, 2006;Johng et al, 2007;Lee and Soh, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A primo vessel-like structure in a dog with inflammatory pseudotumor

Cho¹,

Shi²,

Han³

et al. 2012

Korean Journal of Veterinary Service

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Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a term defining a mass characterized microscopically by a proliferation of bland mesenchymal spindle cells infiltrated by diffuse mixed inflammatory cells with a predominance of plasma cells and lymphocytes. Here, we show the primo vessel-like structure of the primo-vascular system (PVS) in a dog with IPT. A 6-years old male Mongrel dog was diagnosed with an abnormal mass (diameter 5.5 cm, weight 22 g) near left preputial area. The dog was submitted to the surgical detectomy of the mass. During the surgical operation, we observed primo vessel-like material. After fixations, the masses appeared macroscopically as lipoid-like, firm, white to grey masses, measuring 5×8 cm. Histologically, cellular infiltration into the muscular layers was frequently seen. The mesenchymal proliferation remained the main component of the mass and was composed of myofibroblastic-like spindle cells characterized by globular, irregular nuclei containing open chromatin and a prominent nucleolus. On the basis of the histopathologic lesions, the subcutaneous mass was diagnosed as IPT. Also, we detected a primo vessel-like structures in some areas of the IPT tissues. These were observed as novel thread-like structures and bundle of tubular structures. To our knowledge, this report is the first case of primo vessel-like structure in a dog with IPT.

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“…The presence of the PVS was observed on the surfaces of internal organs like the liver, stomach, large intestine and bladder [4] .This subset of the PVS is called the organsurface PVS (OS-PVS). Another major subset, which has been observed, is the PVS floating in the flow of blood [5] and lymph [6] or in the cerebrospinal fluid of the brain and the spinal cord [7] .…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Transformative Approach to Cancer Metastasis: Primo Vascular System as a Novel Microenvironment for Cancer Stem Cells

Yoo

Soh

2014

Cancer Cell Microenviron

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Metastasis is the principal cause of death among cancer patients. Despite intensive research with the application of genetic and molecular biology, its prevention and management remain far from satisfactory. More innovative approaches are needed. The major routes for tumor dissemination are the two circulatory systems, lymphatic vessels and blood vessels, so the metastases occurring through them are referred to as lymphatic and hematogenous metastases, respectively. Surprisingly, a new circulatory system, named the primo vascular system (PVS), which is composed of very thin primo vessels (PVs) and primo nodes (PNs), has recently emerged as a third circulatory system. Thus, a natural conjecture would be that the PVS might be associated with carcinogenesis and metastasis, and, indeed, that conjecture has been supported by strong evidence of metastasis in rodents with xenograft tumors. In fact, a study showed that migration of tumor cells to secondary sites was more efficient in the PVS than in the lymphatic system. In addition, the PVS is also a conduit for a fluid, which, according to proteomic analyses contains remarkably high levels of carbohydrate metabolic derivatives that are usually associated with stem cells, cancer cells and differentiated myeloid cells. Thus, the PVS has the potential to transport growth and communication factors between primary and secondary tumor sites, thereby enhancing the oncogenicity of tumor cells at secondary sites. Furthermore, the study of a tumor-derived PVS in murine xenografts of human histiocytic lymphoma has suggested that the PVS may provide a safe haven for a select population of cancer stem cells. These pieces of evidences for the involvement of the PVS in cancer metastasis is call for more intensive investigations of its possible role as an incubating microenvironment for tumor formation, propagation, sustenance, and relapse.

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Feulgen reaction study of novel threadlike structures (Bonghan ducts) on the surfaces of mammalian organs

Cited by 115 publications

References 12 publications

A cytological observation of the fluid in the primo-nodes and vessels on the surfaces of mammalian internal organs

A cytological observation of the fluid in the primo-nodes and vessels on the surfaces of mammalian internal organs

A primo vessel-like structure in a dog with inflammatory pseudotumor

A Transformative Approach to Cancer Metastasis: Primo Vascular System as a Novel Microenvironment for Cancer Stem Cells

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