Fetal Reactivity to Tonal Stimulation: A Preliminary Report

Bernard, Jack; Sontag, Lester W.

doi:10.1080/08856559.1947.10533406

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Differently from previous studies [4, 5, 8–10], our aim was not to study only the role of Vas in relationship with the modifications of fetal biophysical profile, but we wanted to analyze how its cardiotocographic effect relates with the perinatal outcome, in order to verify its predictive value. Moreover, the present study tried to find, for the first time, values of STV and ApEn from which it is possible to define a statistical significance of the relationship found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal Vibroacoustic Stimulation in Computerized Cardiotocographic Analysis: The Role of Short-Term Variability and Approximate Entropy

Annunziata

Scala

Giuliano

et al. 2012

Journal of Pregnancy

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of vibroacoustic stimulation (VAS) on computerized cardiotocography short-term variability (STV) and approximate entropy (ApEn) in both low- and high-risk pregnancies. VAS was performed on 121 high- and 95 low-risk pregnancies after 10 minutes of continuous quiet, while their FHR parameters were monitored and recorded by cCTG analysis. Fetal heart rate was recorded using a computer-assisted equipment. Baseline FHR, accelerations, decelerations, STV, long-term irregularity (LTI), ApEn, and fetal movements (FMs) were calculated for defined observational periods before VAS and after 10 minutes. Data were also investigated in relationship with the perinatal outcome. In each group of patients, FHR after VAS remained almost unmodified. Fetal movements significantly increased after VAS in both groups. Results show that only in the high-risk pregnancies, the increase of STV and the decrease of ApEn after VAS were significantly associated with favorable perinatal outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the only stimuli that have consistently evoked responses in normal fetuses are acoustic and vibrotactile ones. Fetal vibroacoustic stimulation was first noted in 1947 by Bernard and Sontag [5] who observed that the fetal heart rate accelerated after acoustic stimulation [6] correlated fetal movements with fetal well-being. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Vibroacoustic Stimulation in Computerized Cardiotocographic Analysis: The Role of Short-Term Variability and Approximate Entropy

Annunziata

Scala

Giuliano

et al. 2012

Journal of Pregnancy

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“…Detailed re examination of the Pei per s findings were made by Sontag and Wallance [1935J, who observed reactions to sound stimuli in an extended series of fetuses [3]. Thereafter, Bernard and Sontag [4] made interesting observations on changes in the heart beats of the fetus in response to acoustic stimuli and found a distinct temporary increase of the heart beats shortly after application of the stimuli. Fleischer [5] examined 78 fetuses with stimulating tones of 500 and 1,000 II/.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Responses to Acoustic Stimuli

Tanaka¹,

Arayama²

1969

ORL

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Prenatal tests of hearing are practically of great value in making an early diagnosis of deafness. Attempts were made to develop a relatively simple method of prenatal tests of hearing, and 134 fetuses of the 6th–10th month period of pregnancy were examined by means of this method. Pure tones of frequency 500, 1,000 and 2,000 Hz generated by a conventional audiometer were used as acoustic stimuli. Movements of the fetus as well as changes in the fetal pulse rate occurring during or immediately after the stimulation were used as criteria for the auditory response. One hundred and twenty-four of 134 fetuses responded to the stimulating tones, while the remaining 10 showed no responses. No responses were found in the fetuses in the 6th month of pregnancy.

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“…8 In 1947, the relationship of fetal heart rate acceleration in response to sound was noted by Bernard and Sontag. 9 Finally, the correlation of fetal activity with fetal well-being was described in 1981 by Sadovsky.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%