Fetal posterior fossa dimensions: normal and anomalous development assessed in mid‐sagittal cranial plane by three‐dimensional multiplanar sonography

Leibovitz, Z.; Haratz, K.K.; Malinger, G.; Shapiro, I.; Pressman, C.

doi:10.1002/uog.12508

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Qualitative assessment requires observation of the cerebellar 'butterfly-shaped' structure and the CM 6-8 . However, examination of the 4V has not yet been incorporated routinely into this assessment, despite the fact that its normal anatomic features have been described and its morphological assessment is known to be important for the characterization of MB-HB anomalies 3,5,9,10,14,16 . Bronshtein et al 13 described the normal 4V as having an APD < 2 / 3 of the cerebellar AP diameter and a width < 1 / 2 of the TCD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fourth ventricle index: sonographic marker for severe fetal vermian dysgenesis/agenesis

Haratz

Shulevitz

Leibovitz

et al. 2019

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fourth ventricle index: sonographic marker for severe fetal vermian dysgenesis/agenesis

Haratz

Shulevitz

Leibovitz

et al. 2019

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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“…In order to facilitate the clinicians' diagnosis of the Chiari II malformation, Leibovitz et al aimed to elaborate nomograms for the dimensions of the posterior fossa (PF) applicable in the 2 nd and 3 rd trimester of pregnancy, by assessing the mid-sagittal cranial plane with threedimensional multiplanar imaging [22]. In addition, the study compared the PF measurements between normal fetuses and those with neural tube defects.…”

Section: D Ultrasonography In Spina Bifidamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These planes allow the visualization of skull contour, falx cerebri, cavum septum pellucidum, cerebellum, cisterna magna, thalamus, posterior and lateral horns of the ventricles [6,[18][19][20][21]. At this gestational age, examination of the entire length of the spinal cord may be difficult, depending also on the fetal position, thus the diagnosis of spina bifida aperta is often based on intracranial indirect findings as the fetal head is easier to examine [1,8,16,22]. These indirect signs of myelomeningocele are the ,,lemon sign'' -biconcave frontal bones and ,,banana sign'' -an abnormal, curved and thin form of the cerebellum (fig 2) [1,6,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the prenatal diagnosis of open spina bifida

et al. 2018

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Open spina bifida, also known as spina bifida aperta is a neural tube defect involving the lack of closure of vertebral arches and associated meninges and/or spinal cord abnormalities.Ultrasound examination is the gold standard for the diagnosis of spina bifida aperta. It represents the main imaging tool used to ascertain this diagnosis early in gestation. Three-dimensional ultrasound is necessary to detect the level and the size of the defect. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents a more sensitive tool, giving specific information of the defect and associated anomalies, playing an important role in ruling out differential diagnosis. Due to the advent of MRI use, it is possible today to achieve in utero treatment of fetuses with this pathology. The aim of the current review is to provide an update of literature regarding the role of ultrasound and MRI in the prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida aperta.

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“…Mit der 4D-Sonografie gelang es zudem, Bewegungen des Feten im Oberflächen-und Transparenzmodus wie in einem Video darzustellen. In der Fehlbildungsdiagnostik hat sich die 3D-/4D-Technologie als wertvolles additives Verfahren zur konventionellen 2D-Sonografie the fetal brain [7,19,23,25,26], can be precisely examined tomographically in the second and third trimesters. Heart defects as well as vascular anomalies can be visualized three-dimensionally using color Doppler [18,27,28].…”

Section: Years Of 3 D Ultrasound In Prenatal Diagnosisunclassified

25 Years of 3D Ultrasound in Prenatal Diagnosis (1989–2014)

Merz¹

2015

Ultraschall in Med

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25 years of 3?D ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis represent an important milestone in recent ultrasound history. The initial stages of 3?D ultrasound were anything but easy. Although there were reports of initial experimental in-vitro ultrasound studies as early as the 1970s and 1980s 1 2, clinical use did not begin until the first commercial 3?D ultrasound unit (Combison 330, Kretztechnik Zipf, Austria) was introduced in 1989 (Fig.?1) 3 4. With this unit it became possible for the first time to produce so-called multiplanar (=?triplanar) images. This means that it was possible to display the three orthogonal two-dimensional image planes at the same time on the monitor (Fig.?2). Volume acquisition via a relatively large abdominal 3?D probe, which ? in contrast to the 2?D probe ? had to be held at a right angle to acquire a longitudinal scan, was unfamiliar (Fig.?3a, b). In contrast to the abdominal 3?D probe that acquired a pyramid-shaped volume with motor-controlled mechanical fan-shaped sweep of the scanning plane, a rotation method was selected for the volume acquisition with the 3?D vaginal probe for reasons of space. However, this had the disadvantage of central overlapping of all sectional planes resulting in limited image quality at the center (Fig.?3c, d). This disadvantage could not be eliminated until it became possible to perform a motor-controlled mechanical fan-shaped sweep of the imaging plane for volume acquisition with the 3?D vaginal probe. The introduction of the so-called surface mode made it possible to visualize surface images of the fetus and embryo with an abdominal as well as a vaginal 3?D probe. Due to the substantial processing power that this required, it initially (1992) took 6?hours to create one surface image with an external computer. Today a surface rendering of one image takes between 20 and 50 milliseconds depending on the volume. Parallel to this so-called internal or integrated system in which the complete 3?D unit is permanently integrated in the ultrasound unit and the 3?D probes are matched to the system (Fig.?4) 5, so-called external 3?D systems (e.?g. TomTec, Echotech, InViVo-System), in which acquisitions can be performed using any conventional 2?D probe, were also developed 5. An electromagnetic position sensor must simply be attached to the probe so that the transducer position and movements can be recorded on the basis of changes in the magnetic field (Fig.?4). After transfer of the individual 2?D images to a workstation, the images and their individual positions are assembled by a computer program to form a volume. The disadvantage of external systems is that the distances between the individual two-dimensional image planes are usually not identical due to the manual probe guidance, resulting in a lower volume quality, and that 4?D display is not possible 5. Due to the initial problems with 3?D ultrasound, many experienced 2?D ultrasound operators were initially skeptical of this new technique. Therefore, 3?D ultrasound was viewed as a difficult, inconvenient, and unn...

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Fetal posterior fossa dimensions: normal and anomalous development assessed in mid‐sagittal cranial plane by three‐dimensional multiplanar sonography

Abstract: Objectives To construct nomograms of the dimensions of the fetal posterior fossa (PF), assessed in the mid

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Fourth ventricle index: sonographic marker for severe fetal vermian dysgenesis/agenesis

Fourth ventricle index: sonographic marker for severe fetal vermian dysgenesis/agenesis

Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the prenatal diagnosis of open spina bifida

25 Years of 3D Ultrasound in Prenatal Diagnosis (1989–2014)

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