Fetal Intra-abdominal Umbilical Vein Aneurysm

Giannubilo, Stefano Raffaele; Pasculli, Angela; Cecchi, A; Biagini, Alessandra; Ciavattini, Andrea

doi:10.1097/ogx.0000000000000476

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Umbilical vein varix can be seen in the form of intraabdominal umbilical vein varix, extra-abdominal umbilical vein varix, and umbilical vein aneurysm [18,19], among which the intra-abdominal varix is the most prevalent while the extra-abdominal varix and umbilical vein aneurysm are rare [20]. Normally, the internal diameter of the intraabdominal umbilical vein in normal fetuses grows proportionately with the increase of gestational age.…”

Section: Fetal Umbilical Vein Varixmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Value of Antenatal Ultrasound in Diagnosing Anatomical and Morphological Abnormalities of the Fetal Umbilical Vein

Zhang,

Zhao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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Background: Normally, fetal umbilical vein (UV) starts from the capillary network in the chorionic villus and accompanies the umbilical artery (UA). After leaving the placenta, it courses along within the umbilical cord. As the embryo develops, the proximal segment of both the right and left umbilical veins obliterate, and the distal end of the left umbilical vein enters the liver. The microvessels passing through the liver gradually merge and communicate with the hepatic sinus to form the ductus venosus, which then drains into the inferior vena cava (IVC). UV anatomical and morphological abnormalities in complex and variable forms often lead to poor fetal prognosis. In light of this, a thorough prenatal ultrasound providing detailed information on UV abnormalities is potentially clinically significant. Methods: The sonographic features and clinical data of fetuses diagnosed with abnormal umbilical vein anatomy and morphology by antenatal ultrasonography from January 2016 to December 2021 in Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 403 fetuses were included in the study. Among them, 318 cases were diagnosed with intrahepatic persistent right umbilical vein, and 44 cases experienced intracardiac malformations, 34 cases with extracardiac malformations, and 14 cases with both intra-and extracardiac malformations. Three cases had double umbilical veins; 1 case with intracardiac malformation and 1 case with extracardiac malformation. Eighty cases were diagnosed with umbilical vein varix (manifested as intra-or extra-abdominal vein varix or umbilical vein aneurysm); 2 cases with intracardiac malformations and 11 cases with extracardiac malformations. Two cases were diagnosed with umbilical vein stenosis, with neither of them combined with other malformations. Among the 403 fetuses, 86 received genetic testing with 8 of them confirmed with chromosomal abnormalities and the remaining 78 being normal. Of the 8 cases, 7 were diagnosed with persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV) and 1 had umbilical vein stenosis. As related to pregnancy outcomes, 386 fetuses had no obvious abnormalities being observed during the subsequent 2 years' follow-up and 17 cases were terminated due to serious malformations. Conclusions: Antenatal ultrasound assists in the accurate diagnosis of anatomical and morphological abnormalities of the umbilical vein. For cases with no other malformations or chromosomal abnormalities, a better prognosis can be expected and careful follow-up is required, whereas for those with severe malformations or chromosomal abnormalities, the prognosis is often poor. Prenatal ultrasound should provide careful examination to determine whether the fetal umbilical vein has normal anatomy and morphology, thereby supporting better prenatal outcomes.

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Section: Fetal Umbilical Vein Varixmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Value of Antenatal Ultrasound in Diagnosing Anatomical and Morphological Abnormalities of the Fetal Umbilical Vein

Zhang,

Zhao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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“…3 The etiology of fetal vein aneurysm has not been well established. 4 It was first described in 1985. 5 There are over 150 cases of isolated fetal umbilical vein aneurysm reported till date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 There are over 150 cases of isolated fetal umbilical vein aneurysm reported till date. 4 Earlier it was believed to be a serious anomaly which can cause 44% of intrauterine fetal death. 6 Due to the risk of mortality, induction of labor was done at 34 weeks in spite of the morbidity of prematurity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal umbilical vein aneurysm

Samuel,

Navneetham

2023

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Fetal umbilical vein aneurysm is an uncommon anomaly also known as umbilical vein varix. It accounts for 4% of umbilical cord abnormalities with an incidence of 0.4-1.1/1000. The etiology of fetal vein aneurysm has not been well established. The diagnosis is made by colour doppler sonography. The management of umbilical vein aneurysm is yet in process of establishment. The possibility of sudden hemodynamic change caused by aneurysm or thrombosis needs to be screened on a regular basis and early delivery can be considered in need.

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“…An umbilical vein aneurysm is a rare prenatal diagnosis with limited literature available regarding management. Fetal umbilical vein aneurysm was first described in 1978 [1] and accounts for less than 4% of umbilical cord malformations [2,3]. Possible complications include aneurysm rupture, thrombosis, and compression of the umbilical cord leading to poor fetal outcome [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of an Umbilical Vein Aneurysm at 30 Weeks Gestation

Campbell

Craig

Reese

et al. 2021

Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Background. Fetal umbilical vein aneurysm is an uncommon anomaly without clear guidelines regarding the management of these pregnancies. Case Presentation. We describe an ultrasound diagnosis of this condition involving a 38-year-old multigravid woman who presented at 30 weeks and 3 days gestation with severe fetal growth restriction, reverse end-diastolic flow on umbilical artery dopplers, elevated ductus venosus doppler, and an umbilical vein aneurysm. Due to nonreassuring fetal assessment in the setting of an umbilical vein aneurysm, she underwent a cesarean delivery with a favorable neonatal outcome. Conclusions. There are currently no guidelines for the management of an umbilical vein aneurysm. This case demonstrates a successful multidisciplinary approach for creating a plan of care focused on achieving a favorable outcome for a fetus with a large umbilical vein aneurysm. The approach took into account timing of delivery given the potential for fetal morbidity and mortality, while factoring in the risk of prematurity.

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Fetal Intra-abdominal Umbilical Vein Aneurysm

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

The Value of Antenatal Ultrasound in Diagnosing Anatomical and Morphological Abnormalities of the Fetal Umbilical Vein

The Value of Antenatal Ultrasound in Diagnosing Anatomical and Morphological Abnormalities of the Fetal Umbilical Vein

Fetal umbilical vein aneurysm

Diagnosis of an Umbilical Vein Aneurysm at 30 Weeks Gestation

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