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Importance Listeriosis is a rare foodborne condition that can cause serious health consequences in neonates and pregnant women. Listeria monocytogenes can be vertically transmitted to the fetus, resulting in adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about listeriosis in pregnancy and review the current management and treatment recommendations. Objective To summarize the clinical and relevant evidence available regarding listeriosis in pregnancy and educate providers on common clinical symptoms, sequelae, and appropriate treatment guidelines. Evidence Acquisition A PubMed review was conducted using search terms “pregnancy” OR “Listeria” OR “Maternal Listeriosis,” and “Neonatal Listeriosis.” The search included review articles, original research articles, and guidelines on diagnosis and management of listeriosis in pregnancy. The search was limited to the English language and publications between 1988 and July 2018. Conclusions Listeriosis in pregnancy can result in severe adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes including miscarriage, preterm labor, fetal death, and neonatal meningitis and sepsis. Early treatment has been shown to improve fetal and neonatal outcomes; therefore, prevention with education and early diagnosis prompting treatment will improve overall outcomes. Relevance The incidence of listeriosis is expected to rise in the coming years due to changes in the US population, with increasing numbers of older Americans and Hispanic individuals, both of whom are at higher risk. Pregnant women contract listeriosis at a rate that is 16- to 18-fold greater than the general population. Given the expected increased rise in incidence and increased susceptibility of pregnant women, understanding the common clinical symptoms, maternal and fetal sequelae, and appropriate treatment guidelines is essential. Target Audience Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians. Learning Objectives After completing this activity, the learner should be better able to counsel patients in the preconception and antenatal period regarding listeriosis in pregnancy; identify potential risk factors and clinical signs and symptoms concerning for maternal listeriosis; and propose an antibiotic regimen for suspected exposure or confirmed diagnosis of Listeria in pregnancy.

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(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;222:179.e1–179.e9) Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a major risk factor for maternal injury and death, with an estimated morbidity rate of 24% to 67% and an estimated mortality rate of up to 7%. The current recommendations for treatment of PAS focus on immediate cesarean hysterectomy, but given the significant morbidity of PAS, new treatment strategies are needed. This study assessed the outcomes of patients with an antenatal diagnosis of placenta percreta that was managed with delayed hysterectomy versus patients who had an immediate cesarean hysterectomy.

Post-market monitoring of medical devices by manufacturers and regulatory agencies aids the identification of novel hazards or increasing trends in the risks associated with devices. This narrative review estimates the rates of under-reporting of medical device adverse events and explores the reasons and possible solutions. Incident reports may be presented to the manufacturer or the regulatory agency spontaneously by consumers, patients, clinicians, or distributors of medical devices. However, it is evident that reporting does not occur to a great extent, with the rate of reporting estimated to be as low as 0.5% of all occurrences. The programmes and processes to increase and support the reporting of adverse events need to be reviewed, with consideration given to the cost-benefit of increased reporting in relation to the regulator, regulated entities, healthcare facilities, and professionals, as well as the public.

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ICD-10-CM Diagnosis / Procedure Code or DRG (discharge date on or after 10/1/2015) Identification of Maternity-associated hospitalization Source: Healthcare cost and utilization project (https://www.hcupus.ahrq.gov/db/quality.pdf

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