Fertilizer drawn forward osmosis process for sustainable water reuse to grow hydroponic lettuce using commercial nutrient solution

Chekli, Laura; Kim, Jung Eun; Saliby, Ibrahim El; Kim, Young‐Jin; Phuntsho, Sherub; Sheng, Li; Ghaffour, Noreddine; Leiknes, TorOve; Shon, Ho Kyong

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2017.03.008

Cited by 73 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Lettuce is a culture adapted to milder climate, being suitable for growing in winter (Lopes et al, 2003), when it reaches the highest values of fresh mass, as observed in this study from the interaction between cultivation periods and treatments (Tables 4 and 5) and reported in the literature (Chekli et al, 2017;Feltrin et al, 2005;Sediyama et al, 2009). Comparing values obtained for dry mass (Fig.…”

Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 78%

Influence of the use of wastewater on nutrient absorption and production of lettuce grown in a hydroponic system

Carvalho

Bastos

Souza

2018

Agricultural Water Management

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The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutrient absorption and the fresh mass of lettuce plants cultivated using domestic wastewater in a hydroponic system during winter and summer seasons. The hydroponic system used was the Nutrient Film Technique with three treatments: 1) drinking water and chemical fertilizers (T1): 2) wastewater supplemented with chemical fertilizers (T2): and 3) only wastewater (T3) in a completely randomized experimental design with four replicates. The wastewater was previously characterized before being used in the treatments in order to quantify the need for nutrient supplementation in the T2 treatment. To determine the fresh mass, dry mass and nutrient absorption, three whole plant samples of each plot were collected at 1, 7, 14 and 21 days after transplanting. The nutrient absorption occurred according to a growing polynomial function for all treatments and most of the elements throughout the two cycles of the crop, except for potassium and magnesium in the T3 treatment in the winter crop. The results of fresh mass of the plant, pH and electrical conductivity of nutrient solutions were submitted to 2-way ANOVA, considering winter and summer as the first factor and treatments as the second one. A significant interaction between the factors for fresh mass and electrical conductivity was observed, and for that reason the average were submitted to Tukey test (p < 0.05%). For T1 and T2 treatments, significant differences were found between the average of the fresh mass of winter and summer, with higher values in winter. For the T3 treatment, no difference was found between the evaluated periods, but there was a significant difference in relation to the other treatments in both periods. The plants of this last treatment had lower fresh mass, less accumulation of nutrients and visual symptoms of nutritional deficiency. Under the experimental conditions, it was concluded that there was no difference in the nutrient absorption between the T1 and T2 treatment, but in the T3 treatment, the absorption was slower and smaller, demonstrating that it is necessary to supplement the wastewater with nutrients.

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Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 78%

Influence of the use of wastewater on nutrient absorption and production of lettuce grown in a hydroponic system

Carvalho

Bastos

Souza

2018

Agricultural Water Management

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“…The increased chlorophyll content in lettuce could be attributed to many factors. One factor could be that a large amount of nutrients sewage sludge could provide beneficial trace elements required for chlorophyll synthesis in plants, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and Zn (Chekli et al 2017). Another factor was that the trace elements accelerated the transportation each other by promoting plant growth and metabolism.…”

Section: Effect Of the Ozone-treated Sludge Dilution Solutions On Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ozone could directly disrupt viral and bacterial metabolism and reproduction by breaking down macromolecule polymers. Most studies have focused on ozone treatments on sewage sludge derived from the municipal wastewater treatment plants where wastewater was collected from industrial and domestic sources (Chu et al 2009;Zhang et al 2016;Chacana et al 2017;Chekli et al 2017). Very little research has been focused on the agricultural utilization of solely domestic sludge, which avoids the environmental pollution introduced by industrial sludge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ozone-treated domestic sludge on hydroponic lettuce growth and nutrition

Yang

Guo²,

Qiu

2018

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

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Here, the ozone-treated domestic sludge was diluted up to four different multiples and utilized as a nutritional source for hydroponic lettuce growth. Additionally, lettuce was cultured using the modified Hoagland nutrient solution as a control. The effects of ozone-treated domestic sludge on lettuce growth and nutrition were studied. Results showed that the lettuce treated with modified Hoagland inorganic nutrient solution had increased leaf number, plant height, fresh weight and dry weight compared to those treated with the ozone-treated domestic sludge dilution (P<0.05). However, the lettuce cultivated with the 2-fold ozone-treated sludge dilution showed significantly higher (P<0.05) contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and ascorbic acid (Vc) compared to that treated with modified Hoagland nutrient solution. And the nitrate concentration in the lettuce cultured with the 2-fold ozone-treated sludge dilution was 53.93% less than that cultured with the modified Hoagland nutrient solution, which was a significant improvement (P<0.05). This study suggested that the 2-fold ozone-treated sludge dilution is optimal for lettuce hydroponic nutrient requirements.

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“…Despite these drawbacks, FDFO was found to be feasible for wastewater treatment, and it has exhibited high OMPs removal during the treatment of AnMBR effluent (Kim et al, 2017c). When commercial hydroponic fertilizer solutions were evaluated for use as the DS, the fertilizer solution diluted by a pilot-scale FDFO system was found to be appropriate for a hydroponic application (Chekli et al, 2017a). Though many studies have attempted to understand the FDFO process for wastewater treatment, the OMPs transport mechanisms in the FDFO process have not yet been well elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the organic micropollutants transport mechanisms in the fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis process

Kim

Phuntsho

et al. 2019

Journal of Environmental Management

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We systematically investigated the transport mechanisms of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in a fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis (FDFO) membrane process. Four representative OMPs, i.e., atenolol, atrazine, primidone, and caffeine, were chosen for their different molecular weights and structural characteristics. All the FDFO experiments were conducted with the membrane active layer on the feed solution (FS) side using three different fertilizer draw solutions (DS): potassium chloride (KCl), monoammonium phosphate (MAP), and diammonium phosphate (DAP) due to their different properties (i.e., osmotic pressure, diffusivity, viscosity and solution pH). Using KCl as the DS resulted in both the highest water flux and the highest reverse solute flux (RSF), while MAP and DAP resulted in similar water fluxes with varying RSF. The pH of the FS increased with DAP as the DS due to the reverse diffusion of NH4 + ions from the DS toward the FS, while for MAP and DAP DS, the pH of the FS was not impacted. The OMPs transport behavior (OMPs flux) was evaluated and compared with a simulated OMPs flux obtained via the pore-hindrance transport model to identify the effects of the OMPs structural properties. When MAP was used as DS, the OMPs flux was dominantly influenced by the physicochemical properties (i.e., hydrophobicity and surface charge). Those OMPs with positive charge and more hydrophobic, exhibited higher forward OMP fluxes. With DAP as the DS, the more hydrated FO membrane (caused by increased pH) as well as the enhanced RSF hindered OMPs transport through the FO membrane. With KCl as DS, the structural properties of the OMPs were dominant factors in the OMPs flux, however the higher RSF of the KCl draw solute may likely hamper the OMPs transport through the membrane especially those with higher MW (e.g., atenolol). The pore-hindrance model can be instrumental in understanding the effects of the hydrodynamic properties and the surface properties on the OMPs transport behaviors.

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Fertilizer drawn forward osmosis process for sustainable water reuse to grow hydroponic lettuce using commercial nutrient solution

Cited by 73 publications

References 52 publications

Influence of the use of wastewater on nutrient absorption and production of lettuce grown in a hydroponic system

Influence of the use of wastewater on nutrient absorption and production of lettuce grown in a hydroponic system

Effects of ozone-treated domestic sludge on hydroponic lettuce growth and nutrition

Understanding the organic micropollutants transport mechanisms in the fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis process

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