Fertility Preservation and Restoration for Patients with Complex Medical Conditions

Goetsch, Allison L.; Kimelman, Dana; Woodruff, Teresa K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-52316-3

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The prefrontal cortex—the site of estrogen modulation of executive function—is essential for cognitive processes such as sustained attention, working memory, organization, and planning [14, 31, 62]. FTM individuals taking high-dose testosterone and left in a hypoestrogenic and hypertestosteronic state could be at risk for executive dysfunction, as exhibited in cisgender females experiencing premature loss of estradiol or polycystic ovary syndrome, respectively [63,64]. The field needs more high-quality longitudinal studies assessing multiple behavioral and cognitive domains, with and without neuroimaging, over a number of years as most individuals who initiate GAHT are considering lifetime use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Affirming Hormone Use in Transgender Individuals: Impact on Behavioral Health and Cognition

Nguyen

Chavez

Lipner

et al. 2018

Curr Psychiatry Rep

109

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Purpose of Review With increasing numbers of transgender and gender non-binary individuals presenting for care, knowing how to elucidate the mental health and cognitive outcomes of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is necessary. This article reviews the present literature covering GAHT effects on mood, behavioral health, and cognition in these individuals and offers research priorities to address knowledge gaps. Recent Findings Although there are some conflicting data, GAHToverwhelmingly seems to have positive psychological effects in both adolescents and adults. Research tends to support that GAHT reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression, lowers perceived and social distress, and improves quality of life and self-esteem in both male-to-female and female-to-male transgender individuals. Summary Clinically, prescribing GAHT can help with gender dysphoria-related mental distress. Thus, timely hormonal intervention represents a crucial tool for improving behavioral wellness in transgender individuals, though effects on cognitive processes fundamental for daily living are unknown. Future research should prioritize better understanding of how GAHT may affect executive functioning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Affirming Hormone Use in Transgender Individuals: Impact on Behavioral Health and Cognition

Nguyen

Chavez

Lipner

et al. 2018

Curr Psychiatry Rep

109

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“…Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common but complex reproductive dysfunction and is an endocrine disorder comprising an abnormal glucose metabolism (1). Surveys have revealed that PCOS is mainly detected in adolescent females and women of childbearing age, and the incidence rate is ~10% of all women globally (2). Other studies have indicated that >70% of female cases of infertility and ~40% of spontaneous abortions are linked to PCOS (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AQP8 and AQP9 expression in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and its association with in vitro fertilization‑embryo transfer outcomes

Xiong

Wang

et al. 2019

Exp Ther Med

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The aim of the present study was to investigate aquaporin (AQP)8 and AQP9 expression in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its association with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) outcomes. A total of 45 patients with PCOS undergoing IVF-ET (test group) and 50 patients with oviduct obstruction or ovarian cyst (control group) were assessed for the mRNA expression of AQP8 and AQP9 in ovarian tissues by reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR. The levels of luteinizing hormone, anti-mullerian hormone and testosterone were determined, which were revealed to be significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). The RT-qPCR results indicated that AQP8 expression in the control group was lower than that in the test group (t=37.75, P<0.01), whereas AQP9 expression in the control group was higher than that in the test group (t=19.59, P<0.01). The number of eggs obtained in the group with high AQP8 expression was significantly lower than that in the group with low AQP8 expression (t=2.64, P<0.01). The number of high-quality embryos in the high AQP8 expression group was not significantly different from that in the low AQP8 expression group (t=1.02, P>0.05). The pregnancy rate in patients with high AQP9 expression was higher than that in the low AQP9 expression group (P<0.05) and the abortion rate in the former was lower than that in the latter (P<0.05). In conclusion, AQP8 and AQP9 are differentially expressed in ovarian tissues of patients with PCOS vs. normal control subjects. The expression of AQP8 is closely associated with the occurrence and development of oocytes, whereas the expression of AQP9 is associated with the success rate of pregnancy in patients with PCOS.

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“…Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a natural model for the study of androgen excess among cisgender females. PCOS affects almost 15% of women of reproductive age [66] and is characterized by chronically high free testosterone levels and low levels of progesterone and estradiol from puberty onward [64]. Females with PCOS are at substantial risk for psychological, metabolic, reproductive, and cardiovascular abnormalities [67,68], such as acne, obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and mood disorders like depressive, bipolar, and anxiety disorders, as well as lowered health-quality of life [65,[69][70][71][72][73][74].…”

Section: Male-to-female (Mtf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

What has sex got to do with it? The role of hormones in the transgender brain

Nguyen

Loughead

Lipner

et al. 2018

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Sex differences and hormonal effects in presumed cisgender individuals have been well-studied and support the concept of a mosaic of both male and female "characteristics" in any given brain. Gonadal steroid increases and fluctuations during peri-puberty and across the reproductive lifespan influence the brain structure and function programmed by testosterone and estradiol exposures in utero. While it is becoming increasingly common for transgender and gender non-binary individuals to block their transition to puberty and/or use gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) to obtain their desired gender phenotype, little is known about the impact of these manipulations on brain structure and function. Using sex differences and the effects of reproductive hormones in cisgender individuals as the backdrop, we summarize here the existing nascent neuroimaging and behavioral literature focusing on potential brain and cognitive differences in transgender individuals at baseline and after GAHT. Research in this area has the potential to inform our understanding of the developmental origins of gender identity and sex difference in response to gonadal steroid manipulations, but care is needed in our research questions and methods to not further stigmatize sex and gender minorities.

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Fertility Preservation and Restoration for Patients with Complex Medical Conditions

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Gender-Affirming Hormone Use in Transgender Individuals: Impact on Behavioral Health and Cognition

Gender-Affirming Hormone Use in Transgender Individuals: Impact on Behavioral Health and Cognition

AQP8 and AQP9 expression in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and its association with in vitro fertilization‑embryo transfer outcomes

What has sex got to do with it? The role of hormones in the transgender brain

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