Ferroelectric BaTiO₃ Based Multi‐Effects Coupled Materials and Devices

Abstract

Ferroelectric barium titanate (BaTiO3) with an intrinsic spontaneous polarization performs multiple remarkable properties. Recently, ferroelectric BaTiO3 based materials and devices are fabricated in multi‐effects coupled systems, such as self‐powered ultrasensitive sensing, energy harvesting, and electrochemical applications, which have gained growing interest with worldwide increasing researches. This review places a focus on current achievements in ferroelectric BaTiO3 based multi‐effects coupled materials and devices for capacitors, nanogenerators, sensors, electrochemistry, and other applications. First, the structure–activity relationship of BaTiO3 materials including various crystal structures and different morphologies is reported. It is interesting that multi‐effects coupled electronic devices and systems combining multiple properties have attached significant effort to realize enhanced performance contrasted to device applications with single effect. Finally, a brief understanding of opportunities and challenges for ferroelectric BaTiO3 based multi‐effects coupled materials and devices is given. The intention of this review is to encourage more effort in this nontoxic intelligent material, and impel more attention in pushing progress of this field in the future.

Insights into the Early Size Effects of Lead‐Free Piezoelectric Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3

“…Current state-of-the-art material is Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) that still dominates the market, but efforts are currently underway to develop lead-free alternatives in order to comply with the enforced environmental regulations that require the elimination of lead from electronic devices. [4][5][6] In particular, perovskite solid solutions showing morphotropic phase boundaries (MPBs) similar to that of PbZrO 3 -PbTiO 3 , separating ferroelectric polymorphs of different symmetries stand out, for large piezoelectric and electromechanical responses typically result from the structural instabilities. [7][8][9][10] In recent years, specific compositions of the BaTiO 3 -CaTiO 3 -BaZrO 3 ternary system have emerged as leading leadfree candidates to replace PZT, owing to the high piezoelectric charge coefficients (d 33 ) reported, [11][12][13][14] with figures approaching those of high-sensitivity soft PZTs.…”

Perspectives on recent advancements in energy harvesting, sensing and bio-medical applications of piezoelectric gels

“…These materials described by the general formula ABX 3 , where A is a monovalent cation, B is a divalent metal ion, and X is an oxygen anion. [302][303][304] In addition, these materials are employed in capacitors, sensors, actuators, detectors, transistors, photovoltaics, storage devices, nonvolatile memory devices, and energy harvesters. [305][306][307][308][309] Several materials have been employed in PEG applications, the most prevalent of which are BaTiO 3 , PbTiO 3 , KNbO 3 and [Pb(Zr, Ti)O 3 ].…”

Two-Dimensional Layered Materials Meet Perovskite Oxides: A Combination for High-Performance Electronic Devices

“…In reality, however, this structure frequently undergoes a range of distortions, thereby leading to many derivative crystalline phases accompanied by distinct properties. For example, the displacement of the B-site cation in the BO 6 octahedra is the origin of the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition for many ferroelectric and piezoelectric perovskite oxides. , Other types of symmetry-breaking processes include the rotation or tilting of the BO 6 octahedra and their distortions (i.e., Jahn–Teller distortion) associated with the electron orbitals . What’s more, aside from the basic ABO 3 formula, there are a variety of layered perovskite oxides consisting of alternating ABO 3 layers separated by other motifs, thus further enriching the crystalline phases and properties …”