Fern Callus Tissue Culture

Morel, G.; Wetmore, Ralph H.

doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1951.tb14804.x

Cited by 221 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In this method, donor plants were subcultured on medium A (MS minerals with Morel and Wetmore vitamins (Morel and Wetmore 1951), Na-Fe-EDTA, 30 g/l -1 sucrose, 8 g/l -1 agar, pH 5.85). Apical sections of eight-to ten-weekold plantlets were transferred to medium A for 7 days.…”

Section: Encapsulation/dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potato Shoot Tip Cryopreservation. A Review

2010

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Potato is one of the most important crops worldwide. Genetic resources of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. ssp. tuberosum) and related cultivated species are conserved through storage of tubers, in vitro plants and in cryopreservation. Cryopreservation, storage in or above liquid nitrogen, is the best option to maintain vegetatively propagated plants in the long term. The present review gives comprehensive information about various cryopreservation techniques for potato published from 1977 until the present. It discusses factors that affect the process and success of cryopreservation, such as donor culture conditions, preculture, cooling, warming and post-culture treatments. Studies are presented that analyse the histological and ultrastructural changes after different cryopreservation steps and the morphological pathways during regeneration of plants after rewarming. The maintenance of genetic stability in potato after cryopreservation has also been demonstrated by various phenotypic and molecular methods. The first thermal analyses on potato shoot tips are presented using differential scanning calorimetry to analyse the state of water during cooling and warming. Biochemical analyses of different compounds, such as soluble sugars and proteins, have been performed to understand and improve existing cryogenic methods. Potato is an example where successful virus elimination has been obtained via cryopreservation of shoot tips (cryotherapy). There are already cryopreserved collections of potato shoot tips in

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Section: Encapsulation/dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potato Shoot Tip Cryopreservation. A Review

2010

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“…MS basal salt mixture supplemented with Morel vitamins (Morel and Wetmore, 1951), 2 mg/L BA and 4% sucrose was used as initiation and multiplication media. Agar-agar (Sigma A-1296), Agargel (Sigma A-3301), Phytagel (Sigma P-8169), or plant agar (Duchefa P 1001) were added at 7, 5, 3, and 7 g/L, respectively, as gelling agents.…”

Section: Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gelling agents and culture vessels affect in vitro multiplication of banana plantlets

Kaçar¹,

Biçen²,

Varol³

et al. 2010

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Agar is the most commonly used gelling agent in media for plant tissue culture. Because of the high price of tissue-culture-grade agar, attempts have been made to identify suitable alternatives. The type of culture vessel and lid also affects the gaseous composition inside the vessel as well as light penetration. In turn, the vessel affects growth parameters, such as shoot elongation, proliferation and fresh weight, as well as hyperhydric degradation processes. We examined the effects of different culture vessels, including commercial glass jars, magenta boxes, and disposable containers, as well as different gelling agents (agar-agar, Agargel, Phytagel, and plant agar) on the micropropagation of Dwarf Cavendish bananas in an effort to find a combination that yields large numbers of high-quality seedlings. The different culture vessels did not significantly affect seedling culture success. The medium significantly affected shoot weight. Phytagel resulted in the highest shoot weight (overall mean = 2.4 g), while agar, Agargel and plant agar resulted in 1.7, 2.2 and 2.2 g, respectively. Disposable container/Phytagel and Magenta/Agargel combinations yielded the 417 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 9 (1): 416-424 (2010) Gelling agents and culture vessels affect banana plantlets highest shoot weights (2.9 and 3.0 g, respectively). Mean shoot length increased progressively with subculture (four subcultures were made). The highest mean shoot length was obtained with Phytagel and Agargel media (6.4 and 6.3 cm, respectively). Shoot number was significantly affected by medium only at subculture 4. Overall, the highest mean shoot length was obtained with the Magenta/Agargel combination (8.5 cm). Phytagel and plant agar gave higher mean shoot number than agar and Agargel (2.1, 2.1 and 1.7 and 1.9, respectively). The costs of the media and of the culture vessels need to be taken into account for final choice of the banana shoot culture system.

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“…Plants were increased by propagating cuttings for 3 to 4 weeks on Murashige-Skoog medium (catalog no. M 11225; Sigma France, L'Isle d'Abeau, France) supplemented with sucrose (20 g/liter) and 0.5ϫ Morel-Wetmore vitamin mixture (18) at 23°C under long-day conditions (16 h of light per day) to a stage that allowed transfer to a greenhouse (6 to 10 cm long for Lotus plants, four to six leaves for S. nigrum). Once transferred, plants were grown for up to 18 weeks under long-day conditions (16 h of light per day; 24°C during the day and 17°C at night) in a nonsterilized soil from La-Côte-SaintAndré (a loamy-sandy soil from Isère, France), which differed from the soil from La Mérantaise (a loamy, clay-rich soil from Essonne, France) used in previous studies (21,22).…”

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confidence: 99%

Engineered Rhizosphere: the Trophic Bias Generated by Opine-Producing Plants Is Independent of the Opine Type, the Soil Origin, and the Plant Species

Mansouri

Petit

Oger

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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In a previous study, we demonstrated that transgenic Lotus plants producing opines (which are small amino acid and sugar conjugates) specifically favor growth of opine-degrading rhizobacteria. The opine-induced bias was repeated and demonstrated with another soil type and another plant species (Solanum nigrum). This phenomenon is therefore independent of both soil type and plant species.The use of microorganisms as biopesticides or plant growth enhancers is an attractive alternative to the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers (3,10,12,35,37). However, introduction of plant-growth-promoting bacteria in open fields often fails. This is attributed to limited survival of the inoculant strain in the rhizosphere, where it faces competition from resident microorganisms, a diverse community well adapted to the biological and physicochemical properties of the plant-soil interface (37). It is therefore crucial to develop methods to extend the fitness and persistence of the inoculant microorganisms, possibly by introducing a bias in the competition that benefits the isolate inoculated (20). This bias may be generated by addition to the soil, or release by the plant, of one or more substrates utilizable only by the introduced strain. This approach has been successfully used to sustain growth of various microbes in soil (1, 2, 5). Similarly, plants engineered to produce bacterial growth substrates have been shown to specifically select populations of microbes utilizing these substrates in the rhizospheres of Lotus (8, 21) and tobacco plants (31). Most often, these growth substrates have been opines (4), a family of compounds derived from amino acids and/or sugars and specifically detected in the crown gall tumors and hairy root formations induced by members of the genus Agrobacterium (4).Bacterial populations are highly dependent upon soil type (13,14,24,23,32) and plant exudates (7,15,17,38). Therefore, there is a risk that a selective microbial substrate strategy might be successful for a single soil type or a single plant species or cultivar. The work described here was aimed at determining whether the impact of opine production on soil bacteria is independent of the type of opines produced by the plant, the origin of the soil, and the plant species producing the opines. Such investigations are crucial to evaluate whether opine-producing plants and biased rhizosphere strategies could be used to engineer plant-microbe interactions under various conditions.To address the questions above, plants of the legume Lotus corniculatus cv. Rodéo and Solanum nigrum plants were engineered via Agrobacterium rhizogenes transformation to produce opines, as described by Petit et al. (26). The transformed plants produced the opines mannopine, mannopine and nopaline, or mannopine and octopine; the latter opine has not been tested previously (Fig. 1) (for a review, see reference 4). Transformed control plants harboring the pRi oncogenes but producing no opines (ONC plants) were also generated by using the same procedure (26). Plants we...

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Fern Callus Tissue Culture

Cited by 221 publications

References 12 publications

Potato Shoot Tip Cryopreservation. A Review

Potato Shoot Tip Cryopreservation. A Review

Gelling agents and culture vessels affect in vitro multiplication of banana plantlets

Engineered Rhizosphere: the Trophic Bias Generated by Opine-Producing Plants Is Independent of the Opine Type, the Soil Origin, and the Plant Species

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