Femtosecond optical Kerr dynamics of thiophene in carbon tetrachloride solution

Molecular dynamics of thiophene homologues investigated by femtosecond optical Kerr effect and low frequency Raman scattering spectroscopies

“…The value of the longer lifetime for thiophene agrees very well with our previous result. 48 However, the shorter lifetimes are relatively sensitive to the position of the beginning point of the fit and the lifetimes much shorter than the beginning point are questionable. The obtained longer lifetime exhibits a good linear relation with macroscopic viscosity of the molecular liquids ͑Fig.…”

“…48,49 Femtosecond optical pulses from Ti:sapphire laser ͑Spectra-Physics, Tsunami͒ operated at a repetition rate of 82 MHz were used for the experiments. The output beam of the Ti:sapphire laser was divided and led to pump and probe arms.…”

Optically-heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect (OHD-OKE): Applications in condensed phase dynamics

“…The modulated signal intensity is recorded by a computer which also controls the pump±probe delay. In some cases both pump and probe beams are modulated and the lock-in is referenced to the sum or di erence frequency [11]. This goes some way towards minimizing the scattered light signal mentioned above.…”

“…The connection of the macroscopic measurement (11) to the molecular information is made through equations (13) and (14), although for highly polarizable molecules higher-order terms should be included in equation (14). Inclusion of the intermolecular component of P yields three contributions to the measured C xz , arising from (a) molecular reorientation, (b) the intermolecular (or interaction-induced ) component and (c) a cross-term between these two [61,62].…”

“…The data for CCl4 are somewhat anomalous, in that they lie below the other data and have a large negative ½ 0 . This may arise from solvent±solute complex formation [11].…”