Femtosecond Laser Structuring of Materials: A Review

Abstract

In this review the interaction between femtosecond laser and matter with emphasis on silicon and some metals have been appraised. For silicon, spikes are produced as a result of interaction in the presence of background gas such as SF 6 , or H 2 S with an appropriate background pressure, but spikes are not formed in the presence N 2 or air. The formation of the spikes increase the infrared light absorption of silicon to near unity. Interaction of femtosecond laser with metals form periodic surface structures that make the metals exhibit many different morphological characteristics. This processing technique allows the creation of a variety of colors on a metal that ultimately lead to control of its optical properties from UV to terahertz. From the assessment made, the potential of femtosecond laser structuring of materials for cost-effective nano-manufacturing is high.

Electron-phonon coupling in metals at high electronic temperatures

“…The field of high-energy-density in matter has been developing for a few decades, especially since the advent of the femtosecond lasers [1]. High-power laser technology is one of the most widely used nowadays, with applications in fundamental research [2], materials processing and micromachining [3,4], biology and medicine [5,6], and many others [7]. Despite this rich history of lasers use and research, many fundamental aspects of material response to ultrafast irradiation remain poorly understood [8].…”

Pulsed Laser Deposited Zeolite Coatings on Femtosecond Laser-Nanostructured Steel Meshes for Durable Superhydrophilic/Oleophobic Functionalities

“…Nowadays, surface structuring of pristine metals and alloys with ultrafast laser has been proved to induce effective and durable surface wettability properties ( Boltaev et al, 2020 ; Khan et al, 2021a , 2021b ; Yalishev et al, 2021 ). In this regard, metal surface structuring using femtosecond laser technology has newly emerged as a robust, contactless, and mask-less technique that structures surfaces of any materials with very fine resolution ( Toyserkani and Rasti, 2015 ; Amoako, 2019 ). Femtosecond laser structuring of different materials is used for many applications such as enhancing the surface area of electrodes for hydrogen production ( Amoako, 2019 ), solar cells ( Zhang et al, 2015 ; Imgrunt et al, 2017 ), dielectrics ( Englert et al, 2008 ), self-cleaning surfaces ( Wu et al, 2021 ), and water filtration ( Zhang et al, 2021 ).…”

“…In this regard, metal surface structuring using femtosecond laser technology has newly emerged as a robust, contactless, and mask-less technique that structures surfaces of any materials with very fine resolution ( Toyserkani and Rasti, 2015 ; Amoako, 2019 ). Femtosecond laser structuring of different materials is used for many applications such as enhancing the surface area of electrodes for hydrogen production ( Amoako, 2019 ), solar cells ( Zhang et al, 2015 ; Imgrunt et al, 2017 ), dielectrics ( Englert et al, 2008 ), self-cleaning surfaces ( Wu et al, 2021 ), and water filtration ( Zhang et al, 2021 ). Recently, ultrafast laser structuring of metals and alloys surfaces has been employed in oil–water separation ( Zhang et al, 2017 ; Qin et al, 2019 ).…”

Ανάπτυξη Και Εφαρμογές Υβριδικών Νανοϋλικών Και Νανοδομημένων Επιφανειών

“…Ακόμα, ο μηχανισμός ανάπτυξης των μικρο/νανοδομών πυριτίου μελετήθηκε συναρτήσει του περιβάλλοντος μέσου και χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ποικίλα αέρια κι υγρά μέσα, όπως αέρας, κενό αέρος, Cl2, SF6, Ο2, νερό, αιθανόλη, σουκρόζη κ.α. [30], [32], [43], [44]. Τα προηγούμενα χρόνια, έχει ερευνηθεί συστηματικά η μορφολογία και η σύσταση μικρο/νανοδομών πυριτίου, οι οπτικές ιδιότητές τους, καθώς και οι ιδιότητες διαβροχής τους [22], [38], [45]- [47].…”

“…Πέρα από τη χημική τροποποίηση μιας επιφάνειας, η τροποποίηση της τοπογραφίας της, εισάγοντας μικρο-ή/και νανοδομές, επιτυγχάνεται με διάφορες τεχνικές, όπως είναι η κατεργασία laser [32], [44], [45],[218], η λιθογραφία [219], η ηλεκτροχημεία [220], [221], η υγρή εγχάραξη, η εγχάραξη με πλάσμα [222]- [224] κ.α.. Η κατεργασία laser μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί σε πληθώρα υλικών όπως μέταλλα, ημιαγωγοί, γυαλιά, πολυμερή κ.α.…”