Femoral Head Deformation and Repair Following Induction of Ischemic Necrosis

Shapiro, Frederic; Connolly, Susan A.; Zurakowski, David; Menezes, Nina M.; Olear, Elizabeth; Jiménez, Mauricio Silva; Flynn, Evelyn; Jaramillo, Diego

doi:10.2106/jbjs.h.01464

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The epiphyseal growth cartilage of children contains vascularized cartilage canals . Ischemic chondronecrosis is a valued model for human Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease . The principal distinction between the proposed pathogeneses is the degree to which ischemia affects the epiphysis: Globally in Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease or focally in animal osteochondrosis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ossification defects detected in CT scans represent early osteochondrosis in the distal femur of piglets

Olstad

Kongsro

Grindflek

et al. 2014

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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ABSTRACT:The purpose of the current study was to validate the use of CT for selection against osteochondrosis in pigs by calculating positive predictive value and comparing it to the positive predictive value of macroscopic evaluation, using histological examination as the reference standard. Eighteen male, hereditarily osteochondrosis-predisposed piglets underwent terminal examination at biweekly intervals from the ages of 82-180 days old, including CT scanning, macroscopic, and histological evaluation of the left distal femur. Areas of ischemic chondronecrosis (osteochondrosis) were confirmed in histological sections from 44/56 macroscopically suspected lesions, resulting in a positive predictive value of 79% (95% CI: 67-84%). Suspected lesions, that is; focal, radiolucent defects in the ossification front in CT scans corresponded to areas of ischemic chondronecrosis in 36/36 histologically examined lesions, resulting in a positive predictive value of 100% (95% CI: 90-100%). CT was superior to macroscopic evaluation for diagnosis of early stages of osteochondrosis in the distal femur of piglets. The current histologically validated observations can potentially be extrapolated to diagnostic monitoring of juvenile osteochondritis dissecans in children, or to animal models of human juvenile articular cartilage injury and repair. ß

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ossification defects detected in CT scans represent early osteochondrosis in the distal femur of piglets

Olstad

Kongsro

Grindflek

et al. 2014

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…and V.H.F., with 20 and 3 years of the growth vectors become divergent and less effective. This is seen in patients with physeal ischemia (5,6) and in some patients with skeletal dysplasia (7). With skeletal maturity, the length of the columns decreases and the cells lose their parallel arrangement.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion-Tensor Imaging of the Growing Ends of Long Bones: Pilot Demonstration of Columnar Structure in the Physes and Metaphyses of the Knee

Jaimes¹,

Berman²,

Delgado³

et al. 2014

Radiology

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“…The factors that determine the pathological mechanism of femoral head osteonecrosis include pathogenesis, biomechanics and the balanced relationship between bone resorption and reconstruction. Previous studies utilizing animal models have focused on quadrupeds, including dogs [5–7], rabbits [8,9], rats [10,11], sheep [12], swine [13–15], horses [16], and goats [17]. Investigations of bipeds have included chickens [18] and emus [19,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An animal model of femoral head osteonecrosis induced by a single injection of absolute alcohol: An experimental study

et al. 2011

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SummaryBackgroundThe lack of an experimental animal model that can reliably mimic all stages of osteonecrosis of the femoral head has hindered progress toward the successful prevention and treatment of the disease.Material/MethodsA goat model of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) was established and observed from the early to the intermediate-to-late stage of mechanical failure. Absolute alcohol was injected slowly into the center of bilateral femoral heads in 12 adult Small Tail Han goats. Postoperatively, the femoral heads were harvested and examined using macrostructural and histological analyses and radiographic and MRI examinations at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 25.ResultsMacrostructural and radiographic examinations revealed that the contour of both femoral heads was deformed slightly at 12 weeks, but a contour deformation with joint space narrowing was observed at 25 weeks. Histologically, a strong concordance with the natural history of ONFH in humans was found. The present model demonstrated bone trabeculae, marrow necrosis, a reconstruction deficiency and destruction of the microcirculation.ConclusionsAmong quadrupedal models, the goat model of ONFH, which is induced by a single injection of absolute alcohol, may be suitable and valuable for the evaluation of various therapeutics and side effects in the treatment of ONFH.

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Femoral Head Deformation and Repair Following Induction of Ischemic Necrosis

Cited by 35 publications

References 39 publications

Ossification defects detected in CT scans represent early osteochondrosis in the distal femur of piglets

Ossification defects detected in CT scans represent early osteochondrosis in the distal femur of piglets

Diffusion-Tensor Imaging of the Growing Ends of Long Bones: Pilot Demonstration of Columnar Structure in the Physes and Metaphyses of the Knee

An animal model of femoral head osteonecrosis induced by a single injection of absolute alcohol: An experimental study

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