Female with bladder cancer: what and why is there a difference?

Marks, Phillip; Soave, Armin; Shariat, Shahrokh F.; Fajković, Harun; Fisch, Margit; Rink, Michael

doi:10.21037/tau.2016.03.22

Cited by 60 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(174 reference statements)

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“…In non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer, several studies showed that female sex is a negative factor for disease recurrence or progression. However, other studies also reported controversial findings . The association between poor prognosis and female sex in patients treated with radical cystectomy is controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Considering the sex differences in prognosis in the localized and locally advanced bladder cancer groups, but not in the metastatic group, female bladder cancer might be more likely to progress to an advanced stage. The anatomy of the female bladder and pelvis is among the possible reasons; the absence of the prostate, the prostatic urethra and Denonvilliers’ fascia might contribute to a faster continuous tumor extension or lymphovascular tumor spread at the posterior bladder, and the bladder neck and the vagina . A sex difference of bladder cancer biology has not been well understood and needs to be investigated further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, other studies also reported controversial findings. 18,19 The association between poor prognosis and female sex in patients treated with radical cystectomy is controversial. A multi-institutional study of >8000 patients showed that female sex was an independent risk factor of cancer-specific mortality after radical cystectomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of sex difference on survival of bladder cancer: A population‐based registry data in Japan

et al. 2019

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Objective To investigate the impact of sex on the prognosis of bladder cancer in Japan. Methods In total, 18 728 patients diagnosed as having bladder cancer from 1993 to 2006 were registered in population‐based cancer registries of six prefectures in Japan. We estimated relative survival by sex, age, clinical stage at initial diagnosis and pathology. Results Patients included 14 203 men (75.8%) and 4525 women (24.2%). The stage at initial diagnosis in women was significantly higher than in men (P < 0.0001). Pathologically, women were more likely to have non‐urothelial cancer than men (women 18.0%, men 9.5%, P < 0.0001). The 5‐year relative survival was 80.3% for men and 67.7% for women. The 5‐year relative survival was 93.0% for men and 87.7% for women in the localized cancer group, 34.8% for men and 23.9% for women in the locally advanced cancer group, and 7.1% for men and 8.3% for women in the metastatic cancer group. The relative survival of women was worse than that of men in the localized cancer group (hazard ratio 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.05–1.57; P = 0.0145) and locally advanced cancer group (hazard ratio 1.32, 95% confidence interval 1.15–1.52; P = 0.0001), but not different in the metastatic cancer group (hazard ratio 1.04, 95% confidence interval 0.87–1.25; P = 0.6555). Conclusions Population‐based registry data in Japan show that the cancer stage at initial diagnosis is higher in women than in men, and women with localized or locally advanced bladder cancer have a worse prognosis compared with men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of sex difference on survival of bladder cancer: A population‐based registry data in Japan

et al. 2019

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“…Although bladder cancer incidence is 3–4 times higher in males than in females, women with MIBC have worse outcomes than males (Reviewed in (Marks et al, 2016)). There is little data for NIBC, though a preponderance of grade 1 in females has been reported (Thorstenson et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Subtypes of Non-invasive Bladder Cancer with Distinct Metabolic Profile and Female Gender Bias in KDM6A Mutation Frequency

et al. 2017

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SUMMARY Bladder cancer incurs a higher lifetime treatment cost than other cancers due to frequent recurrence of non-invasive disease. Improved prognostic biomarkers and localised therapy are needed for this large patient group. We defined two major genomic subtypes of primary stage Ta tumors that showed differential risk of recurrence. The higher risk subtype was characterised by loss of 9q including TSC1, increased KI67 labelling index, upregulated glycolysis, DNA repair, mTORC1 signaling, features of the unfolded protein response and altered cholesterol homeostasis. Comparison with muscle-invasive bladder cancer mutation profiles revealed lower overall mutation rates and more frequent mutations in RHOB and chromatin modifier genes. More mutations in the histone-lysine demethylase KDM6A were present in non-invasive tumors from females than males.

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“…In addition, recently published papers have found gender-specific differences in patients with pancreatic cancer [2] , bladder cancer [3] , and lung cancer [4] .…”

Section: Gender-specific Aspects In Patients Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Specific Aspects in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience

Posch¹,

Rabitsch²,

Wohlfarth³

et al. 2017

Oncology

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Objective: Limited data exist on gender-specific aspects in hematologic malignancies and have been obtained mostly in non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The objective of this study was to investigate gender-specific aspects in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Methods: A retrospective data analysis of 191 patients with MM who underwent ASCT was performed. Data collected from clinical records included age, sex, stage, induction therapy, outcome of induction, kind of stem cell mobilization, response to induction therapy and ASCT, cytogenetic aberrations, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Results: Eighty-one patients (42%) were female, whereas 110 patients were male (58%). No differences between female and male patients could be observed according to the international staging system (ISS) (e.g., ISS III: 14.8 vs. 17.3%), type of paraprotein, and cytogenetic aberrations (e.g., Del(13q): 32.7 vs. 28.9%). Five-year overall survival rates, when calculated from time to ASCT until death, were 27.2 and 36.4% and, when calculated from time to diagnosis until death, were 34.6 and 44.5%, respectively, and did not differ between groups according to ISS subgroups. Conclusion: Prognosis and baseline characteristics were identical and no differences could be observed between female and male patients with MM undergoing ASCT.

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Female with bladder cancer: what and why is there a difference?

Cited by 60 publications

References 101 publications

Impact of sex difference on survival of bladder cancer: A population‐based registry data in Japan

Impact of sex difference on survival of bladder cancer: A population‐based registry data in Japan

Genomic Subtypes of Non-invasive Bladder Cancer with Distinct Metabolic Profile and Female Gender Bias in KDM6A Mutation Frequency

Gender-Specific Aspects in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience

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