Female infertility and diet, is there a role for a personalized nutritional approach in assisted reproductive technologies? A Narrative Review

Abstract

Female infertility is a major public health concern and a global challenge. It is a disorder of the reproductive system, defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy. Nutrition and other environmental factors are found to impact reproductive health in women as well as the outcome of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Dietary factors, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), fiber as well as the intake of Mediterranean diet appear to exert beneficial effects on female reproductive outcomes. The exact mechanisms associating diet to female fertility are yet to be identified, although genomic, epigenomic, and microbial pathways may be implicated. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the impact of dietary components on female reproduction and ART outcomes, and to discuss the relevant interplay of diet with genome, epigenome and microbial composition.

The Promise of Precision Nutrition for Modulation of the Gut Microbiota as a Novel Therapeutic Approach to Acute Graft-versus-host Disease

“…In this review, we focus on probiotics and nutritional supplements as a new therapeutic approach to restore the microbial flora and potentially prevent or revert aGVHD. Such an approach falls under the new concept of precision nutrition that aims to adopt comprehensive nutritional recommendations based on multiple individual factors, such as genetics, dietary habits, lifestyle, and metabolome, [8][9][10] all strongly linked to the gut microbiota. 11 Precision nutrition is a promising approach able to improve the patients' outcomes and quality of life, with minimal risks, minimal cost, and great potential benefit, for any patient undergoing aHSCT.…”