Female Hypospadias and Urethral Stricture Disease in a Circumcised Postmenopausal African Woman: Diagnosis and Management

Abstract

Globally, both female hypospadias and female urethral stricture are uncommon conditions. Female genital mutilation, on the other hand, is a common practice in the West African sub-region, with up to half of the female population circumcised. We report a case of female hypospadias with stricture in an elderly West African lady who had also been subjected to female genital mutilation during childhood. Urethral dilatation with longterm clean intermittent self-catheterization may suffice in these situations, with scarred vaginas avoiding the need for invasive, cumbersome, and difficult surgical reconstruction of the urethra.