FEM modeling and experimental validation of quench-induced distortions of large size steel forgings

Bouissa, Y.; Bohlooli, N.; Shahriari, D.; Champliaud, Henri; Morin, Jean-Benoît; Jahazi, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.08.042

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The elastic strain energy of the specimen after quenching was large, and the recovery during tempering reduced the lattice distortion [37]. It was not easy to measure the exact recovery temperature.…”

Section: Effect Of Tempering Temperature On Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Quenching and Tempering on Mechanical Properties and Impact Fracture Behavior of Low-Carbon Low-Alloy Steel

Yang

Xiao

Luo

et al. 2022

Metals

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Conventional quenching and tempering were employed to achieve the optimal strength and toughness of low-carbon low-alloy steel. The fracture behavior (crack initiation and propagation) of the steel in the impact process was also analyzed. It was found that the microstructures of the steel after different tempering treatments were mainly composed of martensite, and its mechanical properties were dependent on the tempering temperature. With the increase in tempering temperature, martensitic laths merged and coarsened. Moreover, recovery occurred, causing a decrease in dislocation density. Subsequently, the strength of the steel gradually decreased, and the impact energy increased. When the tempering temperature was 600 °C, the optimal yield strength (557 MPa) and the impact energy (331 J) were achieved. In addition, high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) affected the impact energy and crack propagation. Cracks were easily deflected when they encountered high angle grain boundaries, and linearly expanded when they encountered low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs).

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Section: Effect Of Tempering Temperature On Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Quenching and Tempering on Mechanical Properties and Impact Fracture Behavior of Low-Carbon Low-Alloy Steel

Yang

Xiao

Luo

et al. 2022

Metals

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“…An another work [38] presents the numerical simulations referring to the whole production process, except for the machining treatment, of a front-toothed wheel forging for the rear gear of the motorcar gear box; similarly, another study [39] uses numerical modeling for the fast forging of railway axles made of 25CrMo4 steel by the application of Forge software (Transvalor, Sophia Antipolis cedex France), together with analysis of the evolution of the grain size during a multistage forging process at high speed. A 3D model of finite elements has also been used [40] to forecast the residual stresses and the deformations in the simulation of the water hardening of a large forged component made of highstrength steel. Hawryluk et al [41] take advantage of numerical modeling to analyze and then develop an effective method for heating the forging tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the production process of the forked forging used in the excavator drive system in order to improve the currently implemented technology by the use of numerical modeling

Hawryluk

Rychlik²,

Ziemba

et al. 2021

Materials Science-Poland

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The study concerns a comprehensive analysis of a multistage hot-die forging on hammers, in order to produce a yoke-type forging, used as a component of excavator power transmission systems. The investigations were conducted with the aim to analyze and identify the sensitive areas in the process and then improve the currently implemented forging technology by using finite element (FE) simulation. QuantorForm (the developer of the QForm program) has developed a thermomechanical numerical model for the production of forked forging. The software Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Interactive Application (CATIA) was used to develop and build Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models of forging tools. As a result of the numerical simulations, the plastic deformations and temperature distributions for the forgings and tools were obtained, and the force courses during the forging process were analyzed. The obtained results enabled a thorough analysis of the forging process, including identification of potential forging defects (laps) as well as those tool areas that are the most loaded and exposed to damage. On this basis, changes were implemented in the production process, which allowed for the improvement of the currently implemented technology and obtaining the corrected forgings.

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“…Chobaut [9] identified the parameters of the thermo-mechanical model for the quenching process using a limited number of tensile tests achieved after representative interrupted cooling paths in a Gleeble machine. Bouissa [10] established a 3D finite element model (FEM) to predict the induced distortion and residual stress of a large sized forged block during the water quenching process. The FEM model considered the coupling between the thermal, mechanical and metallurgical fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cold Pressing and Aging on Reduction and Evolution of Quenched Residual Stress for Al-Zn-Mg-Cu T-Type Rib

et al. 2021

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The preparation of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu T-type rib consisted of forging, quenching, cold pressing, aging and the final machining processes, and the evolution of residual stress played a significant role in its properties and accuracy. Numerical models were established to investigate the evolution and distribution of residual stress for the T-type rib during the quenching and cold pressing processes. The results showed that the distribution of residual stress at the stiffened area is asymmetrical, which is different from the symmetrical distribution at the smooth area. The cold pressing is beneficial for the reduction of residual stress. The stepwise cold pressing resulted in the heterogeneous distribution of residual stress at the stiffened area and the overlap region. Three comparative T-type ribs were conducted, and their residual stresses were measured using X-ray diffraction and the contour method. A stress reduction of 50% can be obtained at the surfaces of the T-type rib through cold pressing followed by the aging process. The reduction of the maximum tensile stress at the stiffened area of the T-type rib was 42% and 50% for the cold pressing and aging, respectively, which increased to 54% and 60% at the smooth area. The mechanism of the stress reduction during the cold pressing and the aging processes was discussed.

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FEM modeling and experimental validation of quench-induced distortions of large size steel forgings

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of Quenching and Tempering on Mechanical Properties and Impact Fracture Behavior of Low-Carbon Low-Alloy Steel

Effect of Quenching and Tempering on Mechanical Properties and Impact Fracture Behavior of Low-Carbon Low-Alloy Steel

Analysis of the production process of the forked forging used in the excavator drive system in order to improve the currently implemented technology by the use of numerical modeling

Effect of Cold Pressing and Aging on Reduction and Evolution of Quenched Residual Stress for Al-Zn-Mg-Cu T-Type Rib

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