Feline aelurostrongylosis and canine angiostrongylosis: A challenging diagnosis for two emerging verminous pneumonia infections

Traversa, Donato; Guglielmini, Carlo

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.07.020

Cited by 113 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Although the present addition of flotation fluids to frozen faecal samples, followed by sieving, may deform frozen larvae and prevent morphological identification (Traversa and Guglielmini 2008), DNA in the larval fragments may, in such cases, still produce positive PCR results. The major obstacle facing copro-PCR tests is the presence of inhibitory substances (Al-Sabi et al 2007), and several steps can be done to eliminate the presence of such substances from the extracted DNA.…”

Section: Dna Extraction Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reference method for detection of patent Angiostrongylus infection is the Baermann technique (Cury et al 2001;Barcante et al 2003;Traversa and Guglielmini 2008;Koch and Willesen 2009), which relies on active larval migration from the faecal matter into the fluid, followed by morphological identification of the larvae. However, based on the intermittent shedding of L1 (Oliveira et al 2006), subclinical cases in dogs with low worm burdens are often missed and the diagnostic sensitivity of this test for A. vasorum has not been thoroughly evaluated in foxes (Traversa and Guglielmini 2008;Koch and Willesen 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, based on the intermittent shedding of L1 (Oliveira et al 2006), subclinical cases in dogs with low worm burdens are often missed and the diagnostic sensitivity of this test for A. vasorum has not been thoroughly evaluated in foxes (Traversa and Guglielmini 2008;Koch and Willesen 2009). Furthermore, in studies conducted in areas where the zoonotic tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis could potentially be found, faecal samples are routinely frozen at −80°C to kill the larvae and thereby excluding the use of the Baermann technique for the detection of A. vasorum larvae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PCR detection of Angiostrongylus vasorum in faecal samples of dogs and foxes

et al. 2010

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The cardiovascular nematode Angiostrongylus vasorum is spreading in the fox and dog populations of northern Europe. A. vasorum can result in severe clinical manifestations in dogs; therefore, specific diagnosis is crucial for assessing its prevalence. In the present study, faecal samples from foxes and domestic dogs were tested by a new polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the second internal transcribed region of the ribosomal DNA (ITS2) of A. vasorum. Initial isolation of faecal larvae by sieving facilitated the processing of larger sample volumes and allowed for the recovery of dead larvae from frozen samples. The sieve-PCR method enabled the identification of a single larva per 2 g of faecal sample and did not amplify DNA of a range of canine helminths, thus presenting a non-invasive tool for wildlife surveillance and for confirmative diagnosis in dogs. Abstract The cardiovascular nematode Angiostrongylus vasorum is spreading in the fox and dog populations of northern Europe. A. vasorum can result in severe clinical manifestations in dogs; therefore, specific diagnosis is crucial for assessing its prevalence. In the present study, faecal samples from foxes and domestic dogs were tested by a new polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the second internal transcribed region of the ribosomal DNA (ITS2) of A. vasorum. Initial isolation of faecal larvae by sieving facilitated the processing of larger sample volumes and allowed for the recovery of dead larvae from frozen samples. The sieve-PCR method enabled the identification of a single larva per 2 g of faecal sample and did not amplify DNA of a range of canine helminths, thus presenting a non-invasive tool for wildlife surveillance and for confirmative diagnosis in dogs.

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Section: Dna Extraction Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PCR detection of Angiostrongylus vasorum in faecal samples of dogs and foxes

et al. 2010

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“…Os felinos infectados podem apresentar sinais respirató-rios, além de outras alterações inespecíficas e por vezes a enfermidade pode ser assintomática [37]. Estudos experimentais têm demonstrado que doses elevadas de larvas são capazes de causar formas graves ou mesmo letais de broncopneumonia no gato [19,34].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Retrospective Study of Pneumony by Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in Cats

Pereira

Argenta

Rolim

et al. 2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Aelurostrongylus abstrusus is a lungworm of cats with worldwide distribution. The adult forms of this parasite live in terminal bronchioles and alveoli, and can cause an asymptomatic disease or predominantly respiratory clinical signs, which can be occasionally cause of death. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological and pathological findings of infection by A. abstrusus through a necropsy retrospective study. Materials, Methods & Results: the necropsy records from the Department of Veterinary Pathology of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul were recovered and cats diagnosed with lungworm by Aelurostrongylus abstrusus were selected since January 1998 until December 2015. General data, such as age, sex, breed, clinical signs, and macroscopic lesions, were analyzed and compiled. The histological slides were reviewed by optical microscopy and detailed the microscopic aspects. In this study, were identified 22 cats with varying degrees of lungworm by A. abstrusus, and in 45.5% of the cases, this was the cause of death. Most part of the cats were mixed breed (19/22), and there were no sex predisposition. The age of the cats ranged from four months to 11 years old, and the most frequent age group was three to six years, with nine cases reported. In 37.5% of the cases were reported respiratory clinical signs, such as dyspnea and nasal discharge, and in 62.5%, clinical signs were not specific. The gross findings of the lungs ranged from reddish, or yellowish or white areas, and presence of multiples small, firm, and whitish nodules, measuring more than two centimeters in diameter, with multifocal distribution in the lung surface. Histologically, there was varied amount of parasites in different stages in the alveolar spaces, associated with the inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, neutrophils and occasional multinucleated giant cells, and hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the pulmonary smooth muscle and the wall of the arteries. Discussion: Aelurostrongylus abstrusus is the principal parasite of lung of cats, with worldwide distribution. In this study, we observed that 40.9% of cases were reported as of 2012, and may be due to a larger propagation of definitive intermediate and paratenic hosts, climate changes and/or the increase of rearing cats, and the consequent increase of hospital routine. Agreeing with the others authors, there is no sex predilection, but differ in the age group, in to the present study, the most frequent age group was between "3 to 6 years" of age (52.9%). The gross findings observed were similar to those described by other authors. Histologically was observed varied amount of parasites, and the degree of inflammatory infiltrate were very similar, but with a slight difference in discrete infiltration (36.4%). Others researchers have identified predominantly severe inflammatory infiltrate (57.9%). Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of pulmonary smooth muscle and the wall of the arteries was moderate (50%), however, in previ...

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“…CPA can be subclinical, accompanied by mild, chronic symptoms or it can be a lifethreatening disease. In addition to general signs, the cardiorespiratory system, the blood coagulation and the central nervous system can all be affected (Patteson et al, 1993;Chapman et al, 2004;Garosi et al, 2005;Traversa and Guglielmini, 2008;Barutzki and Schaper, 2009). Larvae are generally identified in faecal or bronchoalveolar/transtracheal lavage samples by the Baermann method (Kassai, 2003;Chapman et al, 2004;Nelson and Sellon, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiostrongylosis-related restrictive pneumopathy assessed by arterial blood gas analysis in a dog

Csöndes

Majoros

Psáder

et al. 2015

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Pulmonary angiostrongylosis was diagnosed by the Baermann method and larval identification from faecal and bronchoalveolar lavage samples in a fivemonth-old male mongrel dog with dyspnoea and cough. Arterial blood gas analysis indicated arterial hypoxaemia and restrictive pneumopathy. In addition to the palliative treatment, fenbendazole was administered (50 mg/kg/24 h per os) for 14 days. The respiratory signs subsided within a short time clinically, but serial arterial blood gas analysis demonstrated an ongoing ventilation disorder. Repeated haematology, thoracic radiography, bronchoscopy and blood gas analysis were performed to follow the course of the disease. The most severe eosinophilia was detected after the beginning of the anthelmintic therapy, and the arterial pO 2 level was permanently low. Arterial blood gas analysis provided the most adequate information about the course of the pneumopathy and it greatly facilitated the patient's medical management.

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Feline aelurostrongylosis and canine angiostrongylosis: A challenging diagnosis for two emerging verminous pneumonia infections

Cited by 113 publications

References 51 publications

PCR detection of Angiostrongylus vasorum in faecal samples of dogs and foxes

PCR detection of Angiostrongylus vasorum in faecal samples of dogs and foxes

Retrospective Study of Pneumony by Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in Cats

Angiostrongylosis-related restrictive pneumopathy assessed by arterial blood gas analysis in a dog

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