Feeding-Related Gut Microbial Composition Associates With Peripheral T-Cell Activation and Mucosal Gene Expression in African Infants

Wood, Lianna; Brown, Bryan P.; Lennard, Katie; Karaöz, Ulaş; Havyarimana, Enock; Passmore, Jo‐Ann S.; Hesseling, Anneke C.; Edlefsen, Paul T.; Kuhn, Louise; Mulder, Nicola; Brodie, Eoin L.; Sodora, Donald L.; Jaspan, Heather B.

doi:10.1093/cid/ciy265

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Prior studies have reported increased bacterial species richness or diversity in non-EBF vs. EBF 28 and/or trends of increased bacterial diversity across EBF, non-EBF and non-BF. 29,31,32 However, studies report different indices, analyze data in different ways and some do not account for age of infants at the time of stool sample collection, which is associated with breastfeeding status and infant gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Processed and partially processed 16S rRNA gene sequence data of stool samples were obtained from seven previously published studies 3,5,18,28,29,31,35 . Of the included studies, three were from the US, one from Canada, one from Haiti, one from South Africa and one from Bangladesh.…”

Section: Data Sources and Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All data used in the analyses of this study are included in these published articles and their supplementary information files (references 3,5,18,28,29,31,35 ). The data from the Bangladesh study were downloaded from: https://gordonlab.wustl.edu/Subramanian_6_14/Nature_2014_Processed_16S_rRNA_datasets.ht ml.…”

Section: Data Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We hypothesize that the numerous benefits of EBF may be in part due to its effects on the infant gut microbiota. Several recent studies have identified varying differences in gut microbial composition or diversity between EBF and non-EBF infants 5,[28][29][30] or gradients in the gut microbiota composition or diversity across EBF, non-EBF and non-breastfed (non-BF) infants 5,14,29,31,32 . However, some other studies have found no significant differences in gut microbial communities between EBF and non-EBF infants 3,33 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…saved outputs used to generate the results in this paper are available at https://github.com/nhanhocu/metamicrobiome_breastfeeding 28…”

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Effects of exclusive breastfeeding on infant gut microbiota: a meta-analysis across studies and populations

et al. 2018

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38Literature regarding the differences in gut microbiota between exclusively breastfed (EBF) and 39 non-EBF infants is meager with large variation in methods and results. We performed a meta-40 analysis of seven studies (a total of 1825 stool samples from 684 infants) to investigate effects of 41 EBF compared to non-EBF on infant gut microbiota across different populations. In the first 6 42 months of life, overall bacterial diversity, gut microbiota age, relative abundances of 43 Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and microbial-predicted pathways related to carbohydrate 44 metabolism were consistently increased; while relative abundances of pathways related to lipid, 45 3 vitamin metabolism and detoxification were decreased in non-EBF vs. EBF infants. The 46 perturbation in microbial-predicted pathways associated with non-EBF was larger in infants 47 delivered by C-section than delivered vaginally. Longer duration of EBF mitigated diarrhea-48 associated gut microbiota dysbiosis and the effects of EBF persisted after 6 months of age. These 49 consistent findings across vastly different populations suggest that one of the mechanisms of 50 short and long-term benefits of EBF may be alteration in gut microbes. 51 52 Background 55Establishment of the gut microbiota in early life has substantial impact on subsequent health 1 . 56Common sources of the infant's intestinal microorganisms are from the mother's skin, vagina, 57 stool and from breastfeeding 2-5 . There is a close relationship between the infant's gut microbiota 58 and the mother's breast milk microbiota and human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) composition 59 6-9 . Indeed, recent evidence has shown that breast milk microbiota can directly seed the infant 60 gut microbiota and the effects of breastmilk on infant gut microbiota is dose-dependent 5 . The 61 microbiota in breast milk changes over time during lactation and has been shown to be different 62 between exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) vs. non-EBF mothers 10,11 . Gut microbial abundances in 63 breast-fed infants, especially bifidobacterial species, are correlated with the mother's HMOs and 64 HMO-related catabolic activity 3,12,13 . Infant gut microbiota have been shown to be different 65 between breast fed vs. formula-fed infants 14-20 and change rapidly during the transition from 66 breastfeeding to formula 21 . 67 68 4 EBF in the first 6 months of life provides a multitude of health benefits 22,23 . For example, EBF 69has been shown to be strongly protective against diarrhea morbidity and mortality 24 and 70 decreases long-term risk of diabetes and obesity as compared to non-EBF or formula-fed infants 71 [25][26][27] . We hypothesize that the numerous benefits of EBF may be in part due to its effects on the 72 infant gut microbiota. Several recent studies have identified varying differences in gut microbial 73 composition or diversity between EBF and non-EBF infants 5,28-30 or gradients in the gut 74 microbiota composition or diversity across EBF, non-EBF and non-breastfed (non-BF) infants 75 5,14,29,31,32 . H...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Data Sources and Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…saved outputs used to generate the results in this paper are available at https://github.com/nhanhocu/metamicrobiome_breastfeeding 28…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of exclusive breastfeeding on infant gut microbiota: a meta-analysis across studies and populations

et al. 2018

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Impact of maternal HIV exposure, feeding status, and microbiome on infant cellular immunity

Dzanibe

Jaspan

Zulu

et al. 2018

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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At least one-third of infants born in sub-Saharan Africa have been exposed to the effects of maternal HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment. Intrauterine HIV exposure is associated with increased rates of morbidity and mortality in children. Although the mechanisms responsible for poor infant health with HIV-1 exposure are likely to be multifactorial, we posit that the maternal environment during gestation and in the perinatal period results in altered infant immunity and is possibly the strongest contributing factor responsible for the disproportionally high infectious events among HIV-exposed infants who remain HIV uninfected. This review provides a synthesis of studies reporting the impact of intrauterine HIV exposure, feeding practices, and microbiota on immune ontogeny in the first year of life in HIV-exposed uninfected infants.

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The Microbiome in HIV-Infected Children

Green

2020

HIV Infection in Children and Adolescents

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Feeding-Related Gut Microbial Composition Associates With Peripheral T-Cell Activation and Mucosal Gene Expression in African Infants

Cited by 21 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of exclusive breastfeeding on infant gut microbiota: a meta-analysis across studies and populations

Effects of exclusive breastfeeding on infant gut microbiota: a meta-analysis across studies and populations

Impact of maternal HIV exposure, feeding status, and microbiome on infant cellular immunity

The Microbiome in HIV-Infected Children

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