Feeding Patterns in Breast-Fed and Formula-Fed Infants

Sievers, Erika; Oldigs, H. D.; Santer, René; Schaub, J.

doi:10.1159/000066498

Cited by 77 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A different feeding behaviour has been described in BF and FF infants [59], and this could be related to differences in ghrelin levels between the two groups of infants. Recently, it has been observed that the proportion of infants completely emptying their bottle or cup of milk during the second half-year of infancy differs according to feeding mode during the first months of life, with the highest percentage observed in infants only bottle fed (68% versus 27% of infants only fed at the breast and 54% of infants fed both at the breast and by bottle) [60].…”

Section: Ghrelin In Infantsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Ghrelin and feeding behaviour in preterm infants

Savino¹,

Lupica²,

Liguori³

et al. 2012

Early Human Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Available online xxxx Keywords: Ghrelin Feeding behaviour Preterm infantThe importance of early life events in the development of metabolic diseases is well recognized. Early postnatal environment, including nutrition, is key to future health, and this is particularly true for preterm infants. It is important that these infants receive sufficient nutrients to prevent growth restriction and promote neurodevelopment, while minimizing predisposition to metabolic diseases later in life. Feeding habits are the fundamental elements of nutrition and are influenced by many factors, including personal and familial habits, socioeconomic status, and cultural environment. In the last decades, there has been an important scientific interest toward the comprehension of the molecular and neural mechanisms regulating appetite. In these networks, act many peptide hormones produced in brain or gut, among which ghrelin is important because of its action in the short-term regulation of food intake and the long-term regulation of body weight. Ghrelin stimulates appetite and plays a role in regulating feeding behaviour. Ghrelin levels vary from fetal life through to early adulthood, with the highest levels observed in the very early years. Cord ghrelin levels have been evaluated in term and preterm newborns and high ghrelin levels have been observed in smallfor-gestational age newborns and in newborns with intrauterine growth restriction. Moreover, ghrelin has been detected in term and preterm human breast milk, suggesting that it may play a role in the development of neuroendocrine pathways regulating appetite and energy homeostasis in early life. However, more research is required to better define ghrelin's role in breast milk and on feeding behaviour.

show abstract

Section: Ghrelin In Infantsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Ghrelin and feeding behaviour in preterm infants

Savino¹,

Lupica²,

Liguori³

et al. 2012

Early Human Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Atualmente e principalmente devido aos estudos de DOHaD, . Conforme ressaltado por Wells et al 98 , várias dificuldades metodológicas impedem…”

Section: Conseqüências a Longo Prazo Da Nutrição Nos Primeiros Anos Dunclassified

Developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)

Silveira¹,

Portella²,

Goldani³

et al. 2007

J Pediatr (Rio J)

187

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ResumoObjetivo: Apresentar um novo ramo da ciência, denominado origens desenvolvimentistas da saúde e doença (DOHaD), abordando conceitos, métodos de estudo, aspectos éticos e perspectivas para essa área do conhecimento. Fontes dos dados:Revisão não sistemática da literatura biomédica, com o intuito de obter referências históricas e atualizadas relacionadas com o tema em discussão. Síntese dos dados:Estudos recentes demonstram associações entre agravos ocorridos em fases iniciais do desenvolvimento somático e a amplificação do risco para doenças crônicas ao longo da vida, tais como obesidade, diabetes e doenças cardiovasculares. Diferentes modelos foram propostos na tentativa de melhor explicar essas associações, como a teoria do fenótipo poupador, a programação, as respostas adaptativas preditivas e o conceito de concordância ou contraste. Alguns dos possíveis mecanismos envolvidos nesses processos são: efeitos do ambiente sobre a expressão gênica, através de mecanismos epigenéticos; efeitos de sinais hormonais transmitidos ao feto através da placenta ou ao recém-nascido através da lactação. Conclusões:O DOHaD agrega informações advindas de várias áreas do conhecimento, propondo novas metodologias de investigação no sentido de esclarecer a influência de eventos adversos ocorridos em fases precoces do desenvolvimento humano sobre o padrão de saúde e doença ao longo da vida. Esse novo campo da ciência propõe novos modelos de causalidade e mecanismos envolvidos no surgimento e desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas. Os resultados dessas investigações poderão resultar em impacto significativo na prevenção de doenças crônicas, bem como na promoção de saúde em diferentes fases da vida.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2007;83(6):494-504: DOHaD, programação, hipótese de Barker. AbstractObjective: To present a new branch of scientific knowledge, known as the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), covering its concepts, study methods and ethical considerations in addition to the prospects for this area of knowledge. Sources:A non-systematic review of the biomedical literature intended to identify historical and current references related to the subject under discussion. Summary of the findings:Recent studies demonstrate associations between aggressions suffered during the initial phases of somatic development and amplified risk of chronic diseases throughout life, such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. A variety of models have been proposed in attempts to better explain these associations, such as the thrifty phenotype, programming and predictive adaptive response theories and the concept of match or mismatch. Some of the mechanisms possibly involved in these processes are: effects of the environment on gene expression, through epigenetic mechanisms; effects of hormonal signals transmitted to the fetus via the placenta or the newborn via lactation.Conclusions: DOHaD draws together information originating from many different areas of knowledge, proposing new investigative methodologies to elucidate the influe...

show abstract

“…Breast-fed infants seem to have a greater degree of control on meal sizes and intervals than those fed formula. Sievers et al [33] monitored marked differences in feeding patterns, with a 20-30% higher feeding volume of formulafed infants after 6 weeks of life as well as a smaller number of total meals and of nightly meals in bottle-fed babies at 4 months of age. Such differences may modulate later body size.…”

Section: Potential Causes For the Protective Effects Of Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Consequences of Early Feeding on Later Obesity Risk

Koletzko

2006

Protein and Energy Requirements in Infancy and Childhood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Some 30 years ago, Günter Dörner stated that the concentrations of hormones, metabolites and neurotransmitters during critical periods of early development will program disease risk in human adulthood, a concept that since has received enormous scientific support and broad attention. Evidence has also accumulated showing that early nutrition programs later obesity risk. Breastfeeding reduces the odds ratio for obesity at school age by about 20%, relative to formula feeding, adjusted for biological and sociodemographic confounding variables. We propose that the protective effect of breastfeeding is explained at least in part by the induction of lower rates of infant weight gain, which may be related to differences in substrate intakes with breast milk and standard infant formulae. Protein intake per kilogram body weight is some 55-80% higher in formula-fed than in breast-fed infants. We hypothesize that high early protein intakes in excess of metabolic requirements may enhance weight gain in infancy and later obesity risk (the 'early protein hypothesis'). The European Childhood Obesity Project is testing this hypothesis in a randomized double-blind intervention trial in more than 1,000 infants in 5 European countries. Infants that are not breast fed are randomized to formulae with higher or lower protein contents and are followed up to school age. If an effect of infant feeding habits on later obesity risk should be established, there is great potential for effective preventive intervention with a significant potential health benefit for the child and adult population. Copyright © 2006 Nestec Ltd., Vevey/S. Karger AG, Basel Evidence is accumulating to show that metabolic events during critical time windows of pre-and postnatal development have marked modulating effects on health in later life, a concept often referred to as 'programming' or 'metabolic programming' [1]. It has been some three decades since Prof. Günter Dörner, 1 Requirements for Protein and EnergyRigo J, Ziegler EE (eds): Protein and Energy Requirements in Infancy and Childhood.

show abstract

Feeding Patterns in Breast-Fed and Formula-Fed Infants

Cited by 77 publications

References 25 publications

Ghrelin and feeding behaviour in preterm infants

Ghrelin and feeding behaviour in preterm infants

Developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)

Long-Term Consequences of Early Feeding on Later Obesity Risk

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About