Feeding of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Streptococcus thermophilus to infants in hospital for prevention of diarrhoea and shedding of rotavirus

Saavedra, José M.; Bauman, Neda; Perman, Jay A.; Yolken, Robert H.; Oung, I.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)91708-6

Cited by 844 publications

(469 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, NK cells contribute to natural defence against viral infection and tumour cells (Roitt, 1997), and mechanisms which enhance NK cell activity are therefore likely to impart a greater ability of these cells to combat neoplastic diseases. While it is dif®cult to correlate a proven health bene®t in humans with a measurable increase in immune function, there is some circumstantial evidence to support the case with probiotic LAB, since dietary consumption of live yoghurt cultures has been shown to reduce intestinal viral infections, and may also reduce tumour growth (Saavedra et al, 1994;Sawamura et al, 1994;Aso et al, 1995;Majamaa et al, 1995;Rafter, 1995). In previous studies, we have demonstrated that dietary consumption of B. lactis can enhance cellular immune function in mice (Gill, 1998;Gill et al, 2000) and that this enhancement correlates with increased resistance to intestinal infection with Salmonella typhimurium (Shu et al, 2000); there is therefore the promising possibility that enhancement of immune function by dietary consumption of B. lactis might also provide disease protection in humans, however this remains to be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is little evidence that LAB contained in fermented foods are pathogenic to humans, and indeed many strains can readily and safely persist in the human gut (Fuller, 1992;Salminen et al, 1998). Some strains of dietary LAB are able to impart physiological bene®ts to their consumers, which can include increasing gut function, lowering cholesterol, increasing the uptake and assimilation of micronutrients, preventing GI tract pathogen infection and enhancing immunity (Perdigon & Alvarez, 1992;Marteau & Rambaud, 1993;Saavedra et al, 1994;Sawamura et al, 1994;Majamaa et al, 1995;Rafter, 1995;Fuller & Gibson, 1997;Bertolami et al, 1999;Anderson and Gilliland, 1999). There is now considerable commercial interest in isolating and characterizing such novel strains of LAB, so that they might be incorporated into food products that offer de®ned health bene®ts to consumers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing immunity by dietary consumption of a probiotic lactic acid bacterium (Bifidobacterium lactis HN019): optimization and definition of cellular immune responses

et al. 2000

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Objective: To de®ne the cellular basis for immune enhancement by a probiotic lactic acid bacteria strain (Bi®dobacterium lactis HN019); and to determine whether immune enhancement can be optimized by delivery in oligosaccharide-enriched low-fat milk. Design: A double-blind, three-stage before-and-after intervention trial. Setting: Taipei Medical College Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Subjects: Fifty healthy Taiwanese citizens (age range 41 ± 81; median 60) randomly allocated to two groups. Interventions: In stage 1 (run-in control stage) all subjects consumed reconstituted low-fat milk (LFM) for 3 weeks; in stage 2 (probiotic intervention) subjects consumed B. lactis in LFM (group A) or B. lactis in lactosehydrolysed LFM (group B) for 3 weeks; in stage 3 all subjects returned to non-supplemented LFM for a further 3 weeks (washout stage). The innate immune functions of two different leucocyte types (polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells and natural killer (NK) cells) were assessed at four time points via in vitro analyses on peripheral blood samples. Results: While consumption of LFM alone had no signi®cant effect on immune responses, stage 2 results indicated signi®cantly enhanced PMN cell phagocytosis and NK cell tumour killing activity following consumption of milk containing B. lactis. These increases levelled off following cessation of B. lactis consumption, but remained above the pre-treatment values. Increases in PMN and NK cell activity were greatest among subjects who consumed B. lactis in lactose-hydrolysed LFM. Conclusions: Dietary consumption of the probiotic bacterium B. lactis HN019 enhanced immune function of two different types of leucocytes; the degree of enhancement was increased by consuming B. lactis in an oligosaccharide-rich substrate. Sponsorship: Financial support was provided by the New Zealand Dairy Board.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing immunity by dietary consumption of a probiotic lactic acid bacterium (Bifidobacterium lactis HN019): optimization and definition of cellular immune responses

et al. 2000

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“…The latter combination exerted prophylactic activity against infectious rotavirus diarrhea in children (Saavedra et al, 1994;Chouraqui et al, 2004). Furthermore, long-term consumption seems to be well tolerated in infants and a significantly lower frequency of colic or abdominal irritability was reported in two different doses of probiotic intake compared to the placebo group (Saavedra et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dose–response study of probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 and Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei CRL-341 in healthy young adults

Larsen

Nielsen²,

Kæstel³

et al. 2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

109

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Objective: This study was performed to investigate the dose-response effects of supplementation with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis (BB-12) and Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei (CRL-431) on blood lipids, recovery from feces and bowel habits. Changes of the fecal microflora was analyzed in the 10 10 CFU/day probiotic and placebo group. Design: The study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, parallel dose-response study. Subjects: Healthy young adults (18-40 years) were recruited by advertising in local newspapers. Of the 75 persons enrolled, 71 (46 women, 25 men, mean age 25.6 years (range 18-40 years)) completed the study. Intervention: The volunteers were randomly assigned into five groups receiving either placebo or a mixture of the two probiotics in the concentration of 10 8 , 10 9 , 10 10 or 10 11 CFU/day in 2 weeks run-in period, 3 weeks intervention and 2 weeks wash-out. Diary reporting bowel habits and well being (abdominal bloating, flatulence and headache) was kept for all 7 weeks and blood lipids, fecal recovery of BB-12 and CRL-431, as well as fecal microflora was tested before, immediately and 2 weeks after intervention. Results: The fecal recovery of BB-12 increased significantly (Po0.001) with increasing dose. In the group receiving 10 11 CFU/ day BB-12 was recovered from 13 out of 15 volunteers. CRL-431 was not recovered in any of the fecal samples. Supplementation with probiotics did not change the fecal bacterial composition. A significant linear increase in fecal consistency (looser stool) with increasing probiotic dose (P ¼ 0.018) was observed. No overall dose-response effect was found on the blood lipids. High doses of probiotics were well tolerated. Conclusion: A dose-related recovery of BB-12 from feces was observed. Sponsorship: The study was sponsored by Chr. Hansen A/S, Hoersholm, Denmark. Keywords: dose-response study; probiotics; cholesterol; recovery from feces; constipation European Journal of Clinical Nutrition IntroductionIt is generally accepted that the composition of the intestinal microflora influences the health and well being of humans. With the many publications showing beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria, there has been an increasing interest in the mechanism behind. Most clinical studies have tested only one dose of probiotics, ranging from 4 Â 10 8 CFU/day for determination of gastrointestinal colonization and immune modulation (Valeur et al., 2004) Contributors: DCE, CNL and KFM wrote the protocol. DCE performed the study. CNL did the microbiological analysis of fecal samples and study product. EB performed the fluorescent whole cell hybridization of BB-12 like colonies. MB performed the PFGE of CRL-431 like colonies. PK performed the statistical analysis. CNL and SN wrote the first draft of the paper and all contributors participated in the revision and final approval of the paper.

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“…Saavedra, in 1994, published the results of a study that included 54 hospitalized infants aged 5 to 24 months followed up for 17 months. 21 The infants fed milk formula containing probiotics (B. bifidus and S. thermophilus) had a lower incidence of diarrhea (7.0%) than those in the control group (31%). 21 However, a study conducted in the outskirts of a Peruvian town, using Lactobacillus GG or placebo in 204 infants, did not reveal any reduction in the duration of diarrheal episodes, but showed some advantage for infants who were not naturally breastfed.…”

Section: Probiotics and Diarrheamentioning

confidence: 90%

O papel dos probióticos e prebióticos na prática pediátrica

Morais¹,

Jacob²

2006

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objective: To review the effects of probiotics and prebiotics in clinical pediatric practice.Sources: MEDLINE was searched, especially for articles that addressed their practical application, in the form of reviews, clinical trials and meta-analyses. Articles that had already been analyzed by the authors were also included.Summary of the findings: Scientific literature on probiotics and prebiotics has remarkably increased in the last 10 years. Their mechanisms of action have been experimentally investigated. Studies indicate that probiotics can act by competing with pathogens, modifying the intestinal environment by reduction in pH, as a result of fermentation products, interacting and modulating local and systemic inflammatory and immune response, among others. Clinical trials and meta-analyses show that probiotics seem to contribute towards the prevention of acute diarrhea and of antibioticassociated diarrhea, in addition to shortening the duration of acute diarrhea. However, the data are inconsistent and there are no studies confirming their efficacy in terms of cost-benefit ratio. Preliminary studies show that probiotics in early life can reduce the occurrence of atopic dermatitis. The addition of prebiotics to infant formulas is associated with the change in the profile of the intestinal microbiota compared to infants fed milk formulas without prebiotics. Conclusions:Evidence indicates that new studies should be carried out about probiotics, prebiotics and symbiotics. The specific clinical effects that each probiotic or prebiotic may cause must be considered.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2006;82(5 Suppl):S189-97: Prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotics, lactobacillus, bifidobacteria, diarrhea. REVIEW ARTICLE

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Feeding of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Streptococcus thermophilus to infants in hospital for prevention of diarrhoea and shedding of rotavirus

Cited by 844 publications

References 8 publications

Enhancing immunity by dietary consumption of a probiotic lactic acid bacterium (Bifidobacterium lactis HN019): optimization and definition of cellular immune responses

Enhancing immunity by dietary consumption of a probiotic lactic acid bacterium (Bifidobacterium lactis HN019): optimization and definition of cellular immune responses

Dose–response study of probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis BB-12 and Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei CRL-341 in healthy young adults

O papel dos probióticos e prebióticos na prática pediátrica

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