Feeding lactating primiparous sows to establish three divergent metabolic states: III. Milk production and pig growth.

Pluske, J.R.; Williams, Ian H.; Zak, L.J.; Clowes, E. J.; Cegielski, A.; Aherne, F. X.

doi:10.2527/1998.7641165x

Cited by 66 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…According to Pluske et al (1998), the feed intake affects the back fat thickness loss. However, no differences were found in the loss of back fat thickness among the treatment groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chilled drinking water on the performance of lactating sows and their litters during high ambient temperatures under farm conditions

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…According to Pluske et al (1998), the feed intake affects the back fat thickness loss. However, no differences were found in the loss of back fat thickness among the treatment groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chilled drinking water on the performance of lactating sows and their litters during high ambient temperatures under farm conditions

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…According to Dourmad et al (1996), sows were capable of regaining BW and BF lost during lactation through the following gestation when sows lost between 12 or 35 kg BW and 2.5 and 4 mm BF, but only if fed a high-energy level (10.0 Mcal ME/day v. 7.1 and 8.5 Mcal ME/day). Several older studies showed that increasing the feed allowance of the sow can minimize the body mobilization Pluske et al, 1998;Eissen et al, 2003), but if the physical upper limit for feed intake of the sow is already reached focus should be shifted toward optimizing nutrient concentrations of the feed instead and in this way try to limit the mobilization of body reserves. Sow productivity and metabolism Differences were seen between sows of different parities regarding milk production and body mobilization.…”

Section: Sow Body Mobilization During Lactationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sows with high milk production had both a high feed intake and high body mobilization

Strathe

Bruun

Hansen

2017

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Selection for increased litter size have generated hyper-prolific sows that nurses large litters, however limited knowledge is available regarding the connection between milk production, feed intake and body mobilization of these modern sows. The aim of the current study was to determine what characterized sows with high milk production and nursing large litters, differences between sows of different parities and effects of lactational performance on next reproductive cycle. In total 565 sows (parity 1 to 4) were studied from 7 days before farrowing until weaning. On day 2 postpartum litters were standardized to 14 piglets. Weight and back fat thickness of sows were measured at day 7 prepartum, day 2 postpartum and at weaning. Litters were weighed at day 2 and at weaning. Pearson correlation coefficients between variables were calculated and regression models were developed. The average daily feed intake (ADFI) of the sows was 6.1 ± 1.1 kg/day, average daily gain (ADG) of the litter was 2.92 ± 0.53 kg/day and sows weaned 13.0 ± 1.1 piglets. First parity sows generally had a lower ADFI and milk production and a decrease in total born piglets in next litter compared with parity 2 to 4 sows, which could be explained by a relatively higher proportion of their body reserves being mobilized compared with multiparous sows. The ADG of the litter was positively related by ADFI of the sows, litter size and BW loss and increasing the ADFI with 1 kg/day throughout lactation likely increased the ADG of the litter with 220 to 440 g/day in parity 1 to 4, respectively. Increasing the ADFI by 1 kg/day reduced the BW loss with 6.6 to 13.9 kg of parity 1 to 4 sows, respectively, during lactation, whereas increasing the average milk yield with 1 kg/day raised the BW loss with 4.3 to 21.0 kg of the four parities during lactation. The number of total born piglets in the next litter was positively related to the number of piglets born in the previous litter. In conclusion, both a high feed intake and a high mobilization of body reserves was a prerequisite for a high milk production. The sows might be very close to the physical limit of what they can ingest and future research should therefore, focus on optimizing the dietary energy and nutrient concentrations of diets for lactating hyper-prolific sows and herein distinguish between primiparous and multiparous sows.Keywords: body mobilization, feed intake, milk production, reproduction, sow ImplicationsTo obtain a high litter weight at weaning the sow must consume high amounts of feed, but a high milk yield often causes a high BW loss. Counterproductive, body mobilization is positive for the offspring, but might be harmful to the sow. This study showed that sows with the highest milk production and litter gain had both a high feed intake and large mobilization. The sows might have reached their upper physical limit for how much feed they could ingest and therefore future research should focus on correct nutrient concentrations of lactation diets of hyper-prolific sows. IntroductionMilk...

show abstract

“…Muscle protein mobilization is an adaptive response that enables a high level of milk production under conditions of poor nutrient supply (2,21). Litter growth is largely maintained even when feed is restricted to 50% of ad libitum intake (36). Maternal protein mobilization is related to overall milk protein production and is proportional to the number of offspring suckled (5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal muscle protein mobilization during the progression of lactation

Clowes¹,

Aherne²,

Baracos³

2005

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To investigate changes in muscle metabolism during lactation, serial biopsy of the triceps brachii was conducted in first-parity sows subjected to three degrees of selective protein mobilization through restriction of dietary protein intake (see Clowes EJ, Aherne FX, Foxcroft GR, and Baracos VE. J Anim Sci 81: 753–764, 2003). Muscle biopsies were taken 7 days before parturition and at 12 and 23 days of lactation. The following changes occurred after parturition, were progressive, and were significantly magnified in animals under the greatest degree of dietary protein restriction and hence of protein mobilization. Decreased RNA-to-DNA ratio (capacity for protein synthesis) was observed. The presence of increased expression of several elements of the ubiquitin proteasome proteolytic pathway suggested a robust catabolic response. However, as lactation progressed, and especially under conditions of increased dietary protein restriction, protein mobilization increased, muscle RNA-to-DNA ratio fell further, protease gene expression continued to rise, tissue free glutamine levels rose dramatically, and essential amino acid levels, especially branched-chain amino acids and threonine, fell to below prepartum levels.

show abstract

Feeding lactating primiparous sows to establish three divergent metabolic states: III. Milk production and pig growth.

Cited by 66 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of chilled drinking water on the performance of lactating sows and their litters during high ambient temperatures under farm conditions

Effects of chilled drinking water on the performance of lactating sows and their litters during high ambient temperatures under farm conditions

Sows with high milk production had both a high feed intake and high body mobilization

Skeletal muscle protein mobilization during the progression of lactation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About