Feeding, egg production, and egg hatching success of the copepods Acartia tonsa and Temora longicornis on diets of the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries and the non-toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia pungens

Lincoln, Jean A.; Turner, Jefferson T.; Bates, Stephen S.; Léger, Claude; Gauthier, David A.

doi:10.1007/0-306-47537-5_9

Cited by 33 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Lincoln et al (2001) found no effect of 1 µg dissolved DA l -1 levels on egg production of 2 calanoid copepods. Shaw et al (1997) documented deaths of an harpacticoid copepod with an LC 50 of 0.900 µg dissolved DA l -1 , whereas Windust (1992) found the LC 50 values for 2 calanoid species to be 12 000 to 42 000 µg dissolved DA l -1…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Effect of dissolved domoic acid on the grazing rate of krill Euphasia pacifica

Bargu¹,

Lefebvre²,

Silver³

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Some amino acids released from phytoplankton into the water are known to be feeding stimulants to zooplankton. However, domoic acid (DA), a neuroexcitatory amino acid released by some species of the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia, has the potential to be a feeding deterrent due to its neurotoxicity. Euphausiids (krill) are important members of the zooplankton grazer community and key prey items for many high level carnivores in the world's oceans. Although it is known that krill do consume toxic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. during blooms, there is currently no information concerning the effect of dissolved DA on the rate of feeding or the grazing behavior of krill. Therefore, we conducted experiments in which Euphausia pacifica were fed non-toxic P. pungens along with different added levels of either dissolved DA or glutamic acid (GA), an amino acid with a similar structure to DA. Krill grazing rates did not change significantly with added GA, but decreased significantly in the presence of DA. The rapid response of krill to dissolved DA suggests that either direct toxic action on the filtering apparatus or a chemoreceptor-like mechanism may suppress grazing in the krill. We suggest that these dissolved DA concentrations are relevant, given the DA concentrations found in Pseudo-nitzschia spp. populations in Monterey Bay and the feeding biology of krill. In either case, the suppression of feeding by dissolved DA suggests that high dissolved DA concentrations, should they occur in the field, may be a mechanism whereby blooms are perpetuated due to reduced losses to grazers such as krill.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Effect of dissolved domoic acid on the grazing rate of krill Euphasia pacifica

Bargu¹,

Lefebvre²,

Silver³

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Moreover, most negative preference indices towards Pseudonitzschia were within (and usually much less than) the range for non-toxic prey types. Second, other studies (Lincoln et al 2001, Maneiro et al 2005 have found calanoid copepod feeding rates and selectivity to be the same between toxic and non-toxic Pseudonitzschia. Third, it is likely that in order for the copepods to achieve the required balanced diet, selection towards non-diatom prey is essential when diatoms dominate the prey suite (Jones & Flynn 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Compared to the suite of dinoflagellate-produced saxitoxins (e.g. Colin & Dam 2002 and references therein) little is known about the role of DA in grazer interactions (Lincoln et al 2001, Bargu et al 2003, Maneiro et al 2005). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copepod feeding selectivity on microplankton, including the toxigenic diatoms Pseudo-nitzschia spp., in the coastal Pacific Northwest

Olson¹,

Lessard²,

Wong³

et al. 2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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As part of the Pacific Northwest ECOHAB project, we measured clearance rates and feeding selectivity of calanoid copepods off the coast of Washington State, USA, during fall of 2003. We tested the hypothesis that copepods discriminate amongst prey, particularly against the toxic diatoms Pseudonitzschia spp. in natural assemblages from this highly productive, upwelling environment. Seven grazing experiments were conducted across and along the shelf using the copepods Calanus pacificus, Metridia pacifica, Acartia longiremis and a small community assemblage dominated by Acartia spp., with minor contributions from Pseudocalanus spp., Paracalanus spp. and Oithona spp. Three general patterns emerged from our experiments. First, all copepods, except A. longiremis in 1 experiment, showed neutral preference or discriminated against Pseudo-nitzschia, but preference did not appear related to cellular domoic acid concentrations. Second, the dominant prey biomass contributors in each experiment were cleared at low rates relative to other prey types. In most cases the dominants were the diatom Thalassiosira spp. or the autotrophic dinoflagellates Ceratium spp. and Prorocentrum spp. The third pattern was high preference for microzooplankton. High clearance on microzooplankton can result in trophic cascades, which were evident in our size-fractionated chlorophyll data. These patterns indicate that copepods could have both direct and indirect effects on the plankton community composition on the Washington coast. However, our estimates of total potential grazing suggest that copepod grazing impact on Pseudo-nitzschia populations is negligible. KEY WORDS: Copepod grazing · Prey selectivity · Pseudo-nitzschia · MicrozooplanktonResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…Field studies investigating the interactions between HABs and copepods produced variable results, ranging from no apparent effects from phytoplankton toxins (reviewed by Turner and Tester, 1997;Turner et al, 1998;Lincoln et al, 2001) to avoidance and mortality (Fiedler, 1982;Huntley, 1982). Potential, adverse effects of phytoplankton toxins on copepods might include selective or limited grazing, and reduced egg production and egg hatching.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copepod feeding behaviour and egg production during a dinoflagellate bloom in the North Sea

et al. 2006

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Feeding strategies of copepods were studied during a dinoflagellate-dominated bloom in the North Sea in August 2001. The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of mesozooplankton grazing as a biological loss factor of harmful algal blooms under natural conditions. Therefore, ingestion, egestion and egg production experiments were performed with the most abundant copepod species Calanus helgolandicus, Temora longicornis and Acartia sp. feeding on the natural phytoplankton community. Dinophysis norvegica and Ceratium furca were the most abundant dinoflagellate species at the time of the experiments. Grazing experiments as well as examination of fecal pellet content revealed C. helgolandicus fed efficiently on D. norvegica. Ingestion rates up to 47 cells female À1 h À1 were measured and a large proportion of the C. helgolandicus fecal pellets contained intact D. norvegica cells. Dinophysis cells were rarely seen in fecal pellets produced by T. longicornis, and never observed in pellets produced by Acartia sp. The ingestion rate of C. furca, which was the dominating Ceratium species, mimicked that of D. norvegica. C. helgolandicus grazed significantly on C. furca (16 cells female À1 h À1 ), while the ingestion rate of T. longicornis was low and Acartia sp. was not able to graze on C. furca. Egg production experiments revealed that 92% of the C. helgolandicus females produced eggs. The specific egg production rate and the proportion of females producing eggs among T. longicornis were low. This field experiment clearly shows that some copepod species feed efficiently on D. norvegica and C. furca under natural conditions, which may affect the bloom development of these dinoflagellates. #

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Feeding, egg production, and egg hatching success of the copepods Acartia tonsa and Temora longicornis on diets of the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries and the non-toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia pungens

Cited by 33 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of dissolved domoic acid on the grazing rate of krill Euphasia pacifica

Effect of dissolved domoic acid on the grazing rate of krill Euphasia pacifica

Copepod feeding selectivity on microplankton, including the toxigenic diatoms Pseudo-nitzschia spp., in the coastal Pacific Northwest

Copepod feeding behaviour and egg production during a dinoflagellate bloom in the North Sea

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