Feeding, digestion and absorption of nutrients

Bakke, Anne Marie; Glover, Chris N.; Krogdahl, Åshild

doi:10.1016/s1546-5098(10)03002-5

Cited by 161 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 242 publications

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“…The higher amylase and lipase activities in fish fed diet DDGS 2 may be related to the higher dietary starch and lipid levels in this diet comparatively to diet DDGS 1 , as it is known that digestive enzymatic activity is modulated by diet composition (Bakke et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn distiller's dried grains with solubles: Apparent digestibility and digestive enzymes activities in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and meagre (Argyrosomus regius)

et al. 2015

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Corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is a co-product of corn ethanol production which biological value is dependent on technological processes and so may be highly variable among production plants. Therefore, two digestibility trials were conducted to evaluate the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of nutrients and energy of two commercial sources of DDGS and their effects on digestive enzyme activities in European seabass and meagre juveniles. DDGS digestibility was determined based on the substitution of 30% of a reference diet (45% CP; 16% CL) by each test DDGS. ADCs of protein (92-98%), most amino acids (75-99%) and lipids (82-89%) were high while that of energy (58-68%) was low, reflecting the high indigestible fiber content of DDGS. ADCs of nutrients and energy of DDGS were similar in both species, except for some amino acids (lysine, arginine, histidine, isoleucine, tyrosine and aspartic acid) which were higher for seabass than for meagre. Independent of fish species, ADCs of protein and energy were higher in DDGS 1 than in DDGS 2 , whereas ADCs of lipids and most amino acid were not affected by DDGS source. Digestive enzymes activities were species specific: protease activity was higher in meagre while lipase and amylase activities were higher in seabass. For both species, all digestive enzymes activities were higher in mid intestine than in anterior or distal intestine. Overall, it is concluded that corn DDGS is well digested and seems to have high potential for inclusion in diets for seabass and meagre juveniles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn distiller's dried grains with solubles: Apparent digestibility and digestive enzymes activities in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and meagre (Argyrosomus regius)

et al. 2015

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“…However, the situation in the killifish gut appears to be very different from that in the mammalian gut where much of the increased intestinal water absorption accompanying a meal appears to be paracellular, and serves to drive the paracellular absorption of ions and nutrients by convective solvent drag, at minimal metabolic cost (Pappenheimer and Reiss, 1987;Madara and Pappenheimer, 1987). Indeed, a recent review (Bakke et al, 2011) noted that the paracellular uptake of nutrients is generally considered to be negligible in fish. In euryhaline teleosts, the need for precise control of ion and water absorption may be much greater than in mammals because of the intense and variable environmental gradients.…”

Section: Differences Between Euryhaline Fish and Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independence of net water flux from paracellular permeability in the intestine ofFundulus heteroclitus, a euryhaline teleost

Wood

Grosell

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYParacellular permeability and absorptive water flux across the intestine of the euryhaline killifish were investigated using in vitro gut sac preparations from seawater-and freshwater-acclimated animals. The permeability of polyethylene glycol (PEG), a wellestablished paracellular probe, was measured using trace amounts of radiolabelled oligomers of three different molecular sizes (PEG-400, PEG-900 and PEG-4000) at various times after satiation feeding. All three PEG molecules were absorbed, with permeability declining as a linear function of increasing hydrodynamic radius. Response patterns were similar in seawater and freshwater preparations, though water absorption and PEG-900 permeability were greater in the latter. Despite up to 4-fold variations in absorptive water flux associated with feeding and fasting (highest at 1-3h, lowest at 12-24h and intermediate at 1-2weeks post-feeding), there were no changes in PEG permeability for any size oligomer. When PEG permeability was measured in the opposite direction (i.e. serosal to mucosal) from net water flux, it was again unchanged. HgCl 2 (10 -3 moll -1 ), a putative blocker of aquaporins, eliminated absorptive water flux yet increased PEG-4000 permeability by 6-to 8-fold in both freshwater and seawater preparations. Experimentally raising the serosal osmolality by addition of 300mmoll -1 mannitol increased the absorptive water flux rate 10-fold, but did not alter PEG permeability. Under these conditions, HgCl 2 reduced absorptive water flux by 60% and again increased PEG permeability by 6-to 8-fold in both freshwater and seawater preparations. Clearly, there was no influence of solvent drag on PEG movement. The putative paracellular blocker 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine (TAP, 20mmoll -1 ) had no effect on net water flux or PEG permeability. We conclude that PEG and water move by separate pathways; absorptive water transport probably occurs via a transcellular route in the intestine of Fundulus heteroclitus.

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“…In fish, as in other higher vertebrates, digestive enzymes are associated with the intestinal epithelial cells' brush-border membrane (BBM), as well as present in the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen (Kuz'mina 2008; Bakke et al 2011). The luminal enzymes present in the chyme of the GI tract-e.g., proteases, a-amylase and lipases-are secreted from the pancreas into the proximal intestine and hydrolyze large nutrient polymers, such as proteins and starch, and to some extent lipids (Kuz'mina 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effect of commercially available plant and animal protein sources in diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): digestive and metabolic investigations

Hartviksen

Bakke

Vecino

et al. 2014

Fish Physiol Biochem

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The present study investigated the effect of various alternative diet ingredients partially replacing fishmeal (FM) on digestive and metabolic parameters in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post-smolts (initial body mass 305 ± 69 g) following 12 weeks of feeding. Experimental diets containing 20 % extracted sunflower (ESF), pea protein concentrate (PPC), soy protein concentrate (SPC), feather meal (FeM) and poultry by-product (PBY) were compared to a reference diet containing FM as the main protein source. For the different intestinal compartments trypsin, lipase, bile salts, dry matter and chyme-associated leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) were measured from the content and LAP was measured in the tissue. Selected metabolites were measured in plasma samples. In general, use of plant proteins resulted in low C-LAP activity, low plasma cholesterol and high plasma magnesium. The plasma levels of cholesterol and Mg reflecting were most likely reflections of the composition of the diet, while the LAP activity in chyme may indicate lower epithelial cell turnover. Other responses varied depending on the plant protein source. Results from the animal protein substitution also varied both between diets and compartments; however, both materials increased lipase activity in DI. FeM resulted in a significant increase in both total and specific LAP activities suggesting an attempt to increase the digestive capacity in response to low digestibility of the diet while PBY showed very little difference from the FM-fed control fish. The present trial indicates that 20 % PPC, SPC and PBY can partially replace FM in diets for Atlantic salmon. The qualities of ESF and FeM used in this trial show little promise as FM replacement at 20 % inclusion level.

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Feeding, digestion and absorption of nutrients

Cited by 161 publications

References 242 publications

Corn distiller's dried grains with solubles: Apparent digestibility and digestive enzymes activities in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and meagre (Argyrosomus regius)

Corn distiller's dried grains with solubles: Apparent digestibility and digestive enzymes activities in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and meagre (Argyrosomus regius)

Independence of net water flux from paracellular permeability in the intestine ofFundulus heteroclitus, a euryhaline teleost

Evaluation of the effect of commercially available plant and animal protein sources in diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): digestive and metabolic investigations

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