FEEDING AND METABOLISM TRIALS, AND ASSESSMENT OF CARCASS AND MEAT QUALITY FOR GROWING-FINISHING PIGS FED NAKED OATS (Avena nuda)

Abstract

BURRows, V. D. 1988. Feeding and metabolism trials, and assessment of carcass and meat quality for growing-finishing pigs fed naked oats (Avena nuda). Can. J. Anim. Forty-eight Yorkshire pigs (barrows and gilts), abolt24 kg body weight, were fed three diets: a control diet containing corn-soybean meal with minerals and vitamins added (Diet 0), the same diet in which naked oats (Avena nuda L. 'Tibor') replaced approximately 5O% of the corn and soybean meal (Diet 50) and a diet containingg5.4% naked oats plus the mineral and vitamin supplements (Diet 100). The diets were pelleted and given ad libitum to the pigs which were penned individually until marketed at 90 + 5 kg bodyweight. The left side of the carcass was used for carcass quality determinations, meat quality (sensory evaluation) assessment and backfat samples for fatty acid analysis. Eighteen other Yorkshire pigs were used in metabolism trials to determine digestible and metabolizable energy and nitrogen values and nitrogen balances when fed the three test diets. Energy values for urine were determined with freezedried samples combusted in polyethylene bags using an adiabatic bomb calorimeter.The diets (DM basis) contained abolt 18% crude protein and 18 MJ kg-l energy; Diet 100 was higher in ether extract (5.5%) and lower in ADF (1.7%). pigs fed Diet 50 gained weight faster than pigs fed either of the two other diets-the overall effect being accounted for mainly by differences shown by the barrows. Feed data showed a similar pattern with higher daily intake and fewer days to market for Diet 50 La proportion d'avoine nue dans la ration a eu un effet significatif et b6n6hque sur la notaiion de l'6valuation sensorielle des rdtis de porc; en effet, les notations de la saveur, de la tendretd et de la jutosit6 ont 6t6 les plus 61ev6es pour les porcs noulns de la ration 100. La valeur 6nerg6tique digestible apparente de la ration 100 (17'3 MJ kg-t) 6tait la plus 6lev6e, tout comme la vaieur 6nerg6tique mdtabolisable apparente (AME) The acidified (pH4) samples of urine were evaporated to dryness in a vacuum oven for dry matter determination. Urine samples (4-5 mL) were weighed then analyzed for nitrogen directly, without drying, using the Kjeltec analyzer. The energy content of the urine (12-15 mL samples) adjusted to pH6 (using 50% vol/vol NaOH) was determined by a method based upon one described by Nijkamp (1965)

NAKED OATS (Avena nuda) WITH AND WITHOUT LYSINE SUPPLEMENTATION, FOR BOARS AND BARROWS: GROWTH, CARCASS AND MEAT QUALITY, ENERGY AND NITROGEN METABOLISM

“…The diets were not isonitrogenous but ranged in crude protein content from 18.8 to21.O% ( (Friend et al 1988). The methionine content of diets 50L, 100 and 100L reflected the methionine supplementation which, in view of the lowerthan-calculated methionine content of the control diet, was unnecessary.…”

“…Proce-dures for the trial were as previously detailed (Friend et al 1988) except that 5O mL 5% concentrated HrSOo (vol/vol) were used daily to maintain the urine collection at pH 4. Feed, feces and urine samples were analyzed as before for…”

“…) in that the hull is loosely attached and is blown away by combining when harvested. Some discussion of its cropping and feeding attributes has been given before (Friend et al 1988) when, in general, a partial rather than complete replacement of the corn and soybean in a growing-frnishing pig diet appeared to provide the better rJsult.…”

“…The left side of each carcass was retained for processing as described previously (Friend et al 1988). A sample of loin muscle was taken in addition to a loin bacKat sample, for fatty acid analysis.…”

“…Meat quality assessment was as previously described (Friend et al 1988) (Fortin et al 1983 Table 8 for average chemical composition). Proce-dures for the trial were as previously detailed (Friend et al 1988) except that 5O mL 5% concentrated HrSOo (vol/vol) were used daily to maintain the urine collection at pH 4.…”