Feed Processing Technology and Quality of Feed

Paulk, Chad B.; Stark, Charles R.; Dunmire, Kara M.

doi:10.1002/9781119583998.ch16

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This microbial utilization of NH 3 could explain why there was no proportional increase in the rumen NH 3 -N despite the rise in dietary protein. Moreover, the unique form of the feed supplement, which is presented as pellets with low degradation in the rumen, likely facilitates a slow-release nitrogen effect, ensuring that the rumen NH 3 -N concentrations did not increase when CWYWP supplementation was added [21,22]. In addition, rumen NH 3 -N has a high relationship with BUN concentration, which is another indicator of detected protein utilization efficiency [8].…”

Section: Ruminal Fermentation Bacterial Number and Blood Urea Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These feed pellets are obtained by densifying ingredient mixtures into particle form, and it is crucial to assess their physical properties for proper design, management, and transportation systems [20]. Additionally, the use of pellets reduces feed waste, dust, and feed rejection by animals, effectively managing issues and diseases while maintaining diet quality [21,22]. Furthermore, feed pellets offer a more reliable and straightforward means of monitoring and delivering the ideal feed ratios to individual animals or groups that have specific nutritional requirements [19,20,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding Pellets Containing Agro-Industrial Waste Enhances Feed Utilization and Rumen Functions in Thai Beef Cattle

Kanakai,

Wongtangtintharn,

Suntara

et al. 2023

Animals

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The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of citric waste fermented with yeast waste pellet (CWYWP) supplementation on feed intake, rumen characteristics, and blood metabolites in native Thai beef cattle that are fed a rice-straw-based diet. Four native male Thai beef cattle (1.0–1.5 years old) with an initial body weight (BW) of 116 ± 16 kg were held in a 4 × 4 Latin square design within 21-day periods. The animals were assigned to receive CWYWP supplementation at 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% of the total dry matter (DM) intake per day. The results indicate that feeding beef cattle with CWYWP leads to a linear increase in the total intake as well was the intake of crude protein (CP) and the digestibility of CP, with the maximum levels observed at 6% CWYWP supplementation (p < 0.05). Rumen characteristics, including pH, blood urea-nitrogen concentration, and protozoal population, showed no significant alterations in response to the varying CWYWP dosages (p > 0.05). In addition, the CWYWP supplementation resulted in no significant changes in the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen, remaining within an average normal range of 10.19–10.38 mg/dL (p > 0.05). The inclusion of 6% CWYWP resulted in the highest population of ruminal bacteria (p < 0.05). Additionally, the CWYWP supplementation led to a statistically significant increase in the mean propionic acid concentration as compared to the group that did not receive the CWYWP supplementation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this experiment demonstrates that supplementing Thai native beef cattle with CWYWP at either 4% or 6% DM per day can enhance their total CP intake as well as the CP digestibility and rumen bacterial population, and can increase propionate concentration.

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Section: Ruminal Fermentation Bacterial Number and Blood Urea Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding Pellets Containing Agro-Industrial Waste Enhances Feed Utilization and Rumen Functions in Thai Beef Cattle

Kanakai,

Wongtangtintharn,

Suntara

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…From the US FDA routine animal feed recalls, some reasons are based on elevated levels of drugs and micro-ingredients [34], although investigations findings have not been published to determine the role of drug carryover. The most effective cleanout procedure is a thorough cleaning of the feed manufacturing equipment, but the procedure is effort-demanding and time-consuming [6,10,35]. As part of the US FDA CGMPs, feed mill operators must use flushing and sequencing to control drug carryover [10,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of Drug Carryover in Feed Manufacturing as a Function of Drug Properties and Equipment Design—A Brief Review

Akoto,

Maier

2023

Agriculture

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This paper thoroughly reviews the mechanism of veterinary drug carryover in feed manufacturing facilities, factors resulting in varying concentrations of drug carryover in processing equipment, the impact of chemical and physical properties of drugs, and the effect of equipment type and design. The Google Scholar database (from 1998 to 2023) was searched with words and phrases such as drug carryover, feed manufacturing, equipment cleaning and validation, food allergen control, sources of drug carryover, and process parameters in drug carryover. Some papers were from the Iowa State University Library database and PubMed. Drug carryover is a function of ingredients, nature of drugs, equipment type, process parameters, and cleaning procedures. The gaps are the lack of commercial feed mills data on the role and interaction of nanomaterials, molasses, equipment type, and process parameters in drug carryover in animal feed. Modification of process parameters, e.g., airflow in bucket elevators and the interaction of feed ingredients, composition, equipment type, and design, need to be investigated in the commercial setting to address drug carryover. Rhetorically, can big data facilitate the standardization of cleaning procedures at feed mills? The findings can result in drug carryover prevention/control in animal feed and animal-based human food.

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Feed Processing Technology and Quality of Feed

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Feeding Pellets Containing Agro-Industrial Waste Enhances Feed Utilization and Rumen Functions in Thai Beef Cattle

Feeding Pellets Containing Agro-Industrial Waste Enhances Feed Utilization and Rumen Functions in Thai Beef Cattle

The Mechanism of Drug Carryover in Feed Manufacturing as a Function of Drug Properties and Equipment Design—A Brief Review

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