Feed Pecking in Young Chickens: New Techniques of Evaluation

Yo, T.; Vilariño, M.; Faure, Jean Michel; Picard, Michel

doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00535-5

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Pecking is a behavioral trait that develops posthatching and is associated with synchronized head movements that are coordinated by visual, olfactory, and tactile cues (Yo et al, 1997b). In the present experiment, the number of feeding pecks per hour was marginally affected by treatments.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…In the present experiment, the number of feeding pecks per hour was marginally affected by treatments. There is a high degree of variability for the number of pecks in turkeys (Chagneau et al, 2006), and many pecks are not associated with ingestion (Yo et al, 1997b). The relatively high standard error associated with feeding pecks per hour reported in the present experiment precluded this variable to reach statistical significance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

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The effect of passive immunization against ghrelin on feed and water intake in turkeys

2012

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Five-week-old turkeys were used to evaluate the effect of passive immunization against ghrelin on feed and water intake and animal behavior. In experiment 1, females were reared using normal feeding and lighting management recommended by the industry. At 5 wk of age (d 0 of experiment 1), birds (n = 40) were individually caged (0.65 × 0.4 × 0.4 m) with free access to feed and water. Feed and water intake were measured 3 times a day (0800, 1200, and 1700 h) by recording the weight of feed or water offered minus any unconsumed feed or water remaining. After 3 d of adaptation to the cages (d 3), birds were stratified by BW and feed consumption and randomly assigned to a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement of treatment. Starting on d 3, turkeys were given intravenous (iv) injections (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 mL) of pooled undiluted plasma obtained from pigs that were previously actively immunized against ghrelin or iv injections (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 mL) of pooled undiluted plasma, obtained from nonimmunized pigs (control). In experiment 2, the 2 highest doses (i.e., 4.0 and 8.0 mL; n = 4/treatment) were repeated in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement as described in experiment 1. A laptop computer with a built-in color camera and appropriate software was used to record birds for 9 consecutive hours, starting 4 h before treatments were applied. Video clips were saved and a human observer watched and annotated bird behavior associated with feeding, drinking, and standing. Passively immunized birds increased feed consumption (P = 0.04) compared with control animals. Water intake was not affected by treatments. There was a tendency for immunized birds to increase the number of pecks per hour and the amount of time devoted for feeding. Our data suggest that in turkeys, the effect of immunization against ghrelin on feed intake is the opposite of that observed in mammalian species.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

The effect of passive immunization against ghrelin on feed and water intake in turkeys

2012

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“…There is no real chewing in birds, the tongue is rigid and tactile sensibility is mainly perceived when the particles are touched and seized by the beak tip (Picard et al, 2002). The appetitive phase of chickens can be characterized by the foraging behaviour, which is the time that the bird explores the environment searching for food, as reported by (Yo et al, 1997), who found that two thirds of young bird pecks do not result in the prehension of a feed particle.…”

Section: Feeding Behaviour Of Broiler Chickens: a Review On The Biomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given this, birds increase their resting time, which favours lower energy expenditure in maintaining and increasing availability of net energy for production (Nir et al, 1994c;Leeson et al, 1999;Skinner-Noble et al, 2005;López et al, 2007;Lara et al, 2008). Furthermore, the average time spent at the feeder depends on the physical form of the feed, which could range from 56 s in pelleted feed and 114 s in mash physical form (Yo et al, 1997). Thus, the duration of poultry meals can influence flock performance, since the increasing feeding time brings on disadvantages for submissive birds that probably will not consume their nutritional requirements for optimal development (Ferket & Gernat, 2006).…”

Section: Feeding Behaviour Of Broiler Chickens: a Review On The Biomementioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding behaviour of broiler chickens: a review on the biomechanical characteristics

Neves

Banhazi

Nääs

2014

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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Feed related costs are the main drivers of profitability of commercial poultry farms, and good nutrition is mainly responsible for the exceptional growth rate responses of current poultry species. So far, most research on the poultry feeding behaviour addresses the productivity indices and birds' physiological responses, but few studies have considered the biomechanical characteristics involved in this process. This paper aims to review biomechanical issues related to feed behaviour of domestic chickens to address some issues related to the feed used in commercial broiler chicken production, considering feed particle size, physical form and the impact of feeders during feeding. It is believed that the biomechanical evaluation might suggest a new way for feed processing to meet the natural feeding behaviour of the birds.

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“…Pecking incorporates precisely coordinated, visual, neuromuscular and tactile processes, that has been studied intensively in domestic chicks (Yo et al, 1998; Yo et al, 1997; Picard et al, 1997) and hens (Hutchinson & Taylor, 1962). Pecking involves the isthmo-optic visual system, which is used to focus on moving prey and is better developed in ground feeding birds (Miles, 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chicks change their pecking behaviour towards stationary and mobile food sources over the first 12 weeks of life: improvement and discontinuities

Murphy

Hayden

Kent³

2014

PeerJ

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Chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus) learn to peck soon after hatching and then peck in rapid bursts or bouts with intervals of non-pecking activity. The food sources may be static such as seeds and chick crumb, or mobile such as a mealworm. Here, changes with age in pecking toward chick crumb and a mealworm were measured.Chicks were reared in pairs and their pecking of crumb food was video recorded in their pair housed environment, from food presentation, every third day from day 8 (wk 2) to day 65 (wk 10). Peck rate at crumb food reached maximum levels at day 32 (wk 5), and then declined, fitting a quadratic model, with no sex, sex of cagemate, or box order effects. Within bouts the peck rate was higher and it increased to day 41 (wk 6) and then declined, and here males pecked faster than females. A change in dietary protein concentration from 22% to 18% at day 28 (wk 4) had no effect on subsequent peck rate.Pecking at and consumption of a mealworm in pair housed chicks were measured weekly from wks [5 to 12]. The latency to first worm peck and latency to swallow decreased to wk 8 and increased thereafter. The peck rate to first wormpeck and number of pecks to swallow increased to wk 8 and then declined paralleling the changes with crumb food. The increase in peck rate is coupled with an increase in efficiency in worm catching.The results are consistent with the view that the improvement in pecking ability and accuracy compliments change in nutritional requirement best served by an invertebrate food (IF) source requiring speed to achieve feeding success, especially with live prey. When this food source is no longer crucial these associated skill levels decline. An appreciation of the role of domestic fowl in controlling insect populations, at farm level, that are often vectors in disease spread is lacking.

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Feed Pecking in Young Chickens: New Techniques of Evaluation

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

The effect of passive immunization against ghrelin on feed and water intake in turkeys

The effect of passive immunization against ghrelin on feed and water intake in turkeys

Feeding behaviour of broiler chickens: a review on the biomechanical characteristics

Chicks change their pecking behaviour towards stationary and mobile food sources over the first 12 weeks of life: improvement and discontinuities

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