Feed-Forward Prediction of Product Qualities in Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysis of Poultry By-products: a Spectroscopic Approach

Abstract

Enzymatic protein hydrolysis (EPH) is one of the industrial bioprocesses used to recover valuable constituents from food processing by-products. Extensive heterogeneity of byproducts from, for example, meat-processing is a major challenge in production of protein hydrolysates with stable and desirable quality attributes. Therefore, there is a need for process control tools for production of hydrolysates with defined qualities from such heterogeneous raw materials. In the present study, we are reporting a new feed-forward process control strategy for enzymatic protein hydrolysis of poultry by-products. Four different spectroscopic techniques, i.e., NIR imaging scanner, a miniature NIR (microNIR) instrument, fluorescence and Raman, were evaluated as tools for characterization of the raw material composition. Partial least squares (PLS) models for ash, protein and fat content were developed based on Raman, fluorescence and microNIR measurements, respectively. In an effort to establish feed-forward process control tools, we developed statistical models that enabled prediction of end-product characteristics, i.e., protein yield and average molecular weight of peptides (Mw), as a function of raw material quality and hydrolysis time. A multi-block sequential orthogonalised-PLS (SO-PLS) model, where spectra from one or more techniques and hydrolysis time were used as predictor variables, was fitted for the feed-forward prediction of product qualities. The best model was obtained for protein yield based on combined use of microNIR and fluorescence (R 2 = 0.88 and RMSE = 4.8). A Raman-based model gave a relatively moderate prediction model for Mw (R 2 = 0.56 and RMSE = 150). Such statistical models based on spectroscopic measurements of the raw material can be vital process control tools for EPH. To our knowledge, the present work is the first example of a spectroscopic feed-forward process control for an industrially relevant bioprocess.

Exploring Effects of Protease Choice and Protease Combinations in Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysis of Poultry By-Products

“…The composition of the raw materials used in this part of the study is found in Table 2 . The protein, fat, and ash content of CM and MDCR correspond to an earlier study of poultry by-products of Norwegian origin [ 23 ]. Hydroxyproline (Hyp) is found almost exclusively in collagen, and the amount of Hyp is frequently used to estimate collagen contents in tissues [ 24 ].…”

Potentiality of Nanoenzymes for Cancer Treatment and Other Diseases: Current Status and Future Challenges

“…Recently, these reactions have been extensively used in various food industries and other biomedical applications. Their use in the agri-food industry promotes proper processing, storage activities and the functionalization of food products [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Enzymes play a significant role in enhancing the safety of food products [7].…”

Assessment of Bulk Composition of Heterogeneous Food Matrices Using Raman Spectroscopy

“…With such an approach, Wubshet et al 26 showed the first application of RS as a rapid tool for estimating calcium and ash contents in bone and meat mixtures after mechanical deboning of chicken meat. The same approach was recently also used to characterize chemical variation of poultry by-products fed into a bioprocess 27 and for quantification of collagen contents in ground meat. 5 Moving a wide area RS probe around a sample surface opens the possibility for representative sampling of rather heterogeneous samples.…”