Features of the Hospitalized Incidence and Prevalence of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrine Disorders in the Orenburg Region

Abstract

Background: The incidence of endocrine diseases, eating and metabolic disorders has been increasing recently. The prevalence and structure of pediatric and adolescent endocrine disorders are significantly different from those in adults and have specific regional features. Objective: To study the frequency, structure, and long-term changes in the rates of hospitalization of the child population for diseases of the endocrine system in the Orenburg Region and to assess local features of disease incidence and prevalence. Materials and methods: We analyzed data on all pediatric cases (aged 0–18) of hospital care for endocrine disorders provided by the regional office of the Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund for 2016–2020. We also applied the Ward’s hierarchical clustering method to establish local peculiarities and to group municipalities by the rates and dynamics of endocrine diseases in children. Results: The average rate of hospitalization for endocrine disorders was 3.8 cases per 1,000 children and accounted for almost 3.9 % of all types of hospital care. The proportion of inpatients among children aged 0 to 14 years was higher than that among adolescents. Metabolic disorders (34.0 %), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (22.3 %), hypofunction and other pituitary disorders (12.6 %), obesity and other types of overnutrition (7.1 %), and undernutrition (5.7 %) prevailed in all hospitalized children. The patterns of pediatric and adolescent inpatients differed significantly. The analysis of the prevalence of endocrine disorders in children and its long-term changes enabled clustering of the territories of the Orenburg Region.Conclusions: Three distinct clusters of territories were established in the analysis of local rates of endocrine diseases in children. The first cluster was characterized by moderate disease rates, while the second and the third clusters demonstrated high and low incidence and prevalence rates of pediatric and adolescent endocrine disorders.