Features of phytocoenoses involving the Melica virgata Turcz. ex Trin. (Poaceae) of East Transbaikalia in comparison with the neighboring territories

In the course of studying the content of free amino acids in dry and germinating grains of wild cereals, some biochemical features of their dynamics were revealed depending on the osmotic pressure. In most species, except Agropyron cristatum, a significant increase in the concentration of amino acids occurred in the control on the first day after the start of the experiment; in the subsequent period, their decrease was observed. For Agropyron cristatum, a decrease in the index and a smooth increase after the first day were observed. Under the influence of osmolyte, the tendency to mobilize amino acids has changed and in some species (Stipa krylovii, Melica virgata, Melica turczaninowiana) the maximum amounts were observed on the first day from the beginning of the experiment, in the others to the second day. The total amount of free amino acids in the control and in the test was not significantly different. There was also a rapid mobilization of proteinogenic amino acids with increasing osmotic stress for the widespread Stipa krylovii and Agropyron cristatum in the region. A similar trend was noted for the xerophyte Tripogon chinensis. For grasses with a narrow ecological niche, which are characterized by xeromesophilia, osmotic stress suppressed the rapid mobilization of free amino acids. The content of individual groups of amino acids under the influence of osmotic stress was characterized by significant differences for species of the Melica genus in the number of acidic amino acids, for Tripogon chinensis an increase in the content of basic amino acids, and for Agropyron cristatum by a decrease in their concentration.

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Features of <i>Melica virgata</i> (Poaceae) seed germination in natural drought stress

Plyaskina

Bondarevich

Larina

et al. 2021

Samara Journal of Science

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The paper studies mechanisms of adaptation of the rare species Melica virgata Turcz. ex Trin for Eastern Transbaikalia to drought at the initial stages of ontogenesis. The species is listed in the Red Data Book of Trans-Baikal Territory and has the first conservation status category (Endangered). M . virgata occurs in special phytocenoses on the territory of Eastern Transbaikalia, being in such microclimatic conditions that correspond to its xeromesophytic nature. This cereal is characterized by seed reproduction. Researches of seed germination in conditions of physiological drought, caused by the presence of osmotic, have shown the ability of M . virgata seeds to germinate in a wide range of moisture availability, but growth processes with an increase in osmotic pressure are strongly suppressed. The ability to germinate in conditions of physiological drought may be associated with the exchange of free amino acids. The seeds of cereals were dominated by acidic amino acids and their amides, which are substrates for the formation of other amino acids, nucleotides, as well as after deamination reactions, carbohydrates and lipid components. The intensity of accumulation of free amino acids in water deficit can vary due to the use of these amino acids for the synthesis of substances with osmoregulatory properties. The rapid transition to growth processes in this cereal may be associated with the mobilization of prolamins and glutelins on the first day of germination.

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Features of phytocoenoses involving the Melica virgata Turcz. ex Trin. (Poaceae) of East Transbaikalia in comparison with the neighboring territories

Abstract: Ключевые слова: ценофлора, реликтовые растительные сообщества, коэффициент Жаккара, метод смещенного анализа соответствий (DCA).

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Features of <i>Melica virgata</i> (Poaceae) seed germination in natural drought stress

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