Features of Circadian Rhythms in Patients with Cerebrovascular Diseases

Abstract

The chapter describes in detail the pathogenetic role of desynchronosis in the development of cerebrovascular diseases (CVD). The data of domestic and foreign literature on the study of desynchronosis are presented. The role of melatonin in the regulation of circadian rhythms (CR) is shown. Pathological changes in CR affect sleep disturbance, emotional and cognitive disorders. It is demonstrated the need of the further study of the prevalence and structure of desynchronosis in patients with CVD. The search of the most significant factors of desynchronosis development in patients with vascular diseases is of great scientific and practical significance. The importance of creating and introducing diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for chronodiagnostics and chronotherapy of CVD into everyday practical activities. The effectiveness of melatonin for the normalization of sleep and CR in patients with insomnia, acute stroke, depressive disorders is shown. Complex therapy of the patients with CVD taking into account chronobiological disorders allows to eliminate the adverse effect of sleep disorders and CR on the regulation of the cardiovascular system and improve the efficiency of rehabilitation.

New insight into ischemic stroke: Circadian rhythm in post-stroke angiogenesis

“…As previously described, internal circadian dysregulation may contribute to the incidence of stroke; conversely, the stroke itself can lead to the desynchronization of endogenous circadian rhythms by directly affecting the SCN, or by disrupting the clock mechanisms of neurons, glia, and endothelial cells ( Kostenko and Petrova, 2018 ; Fodor et al, 2021 ). Clinically, strokes are positively related to anxiety-depressive and affective disorders, and are accompanied by a high frequency of sleep disorders, and desynchronization in daily curves of the heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) ( Jain et al, 2004 ; Hidehiro et al, 2007 ; Kostenko and Petrova, 2018 ). A 2004 study found that diurnal blood pressure changes were canceled in most acute stroke patients, whose blood pressure typically dropped by at least 10% at night ( Jain et al, 2004 ).…”

Disruptions of Circadian Rhythms and Thrombolytic Therapy During Ischemic Stroke Intervention

“…Circadian regulation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular physiology is well documented ( Kostenko and Petrova, 2018 ; Thosar et al, 2018 ), and includes heart rate and heart rate variability ( Massin et al, 2000 ), sympathetic tone ( Panza et al, 1991 ), blood pressure ( Coca, 1994 ), and cerebral blood flow ( Conroy et al, 2005 ; Hodkinson et al, 2014 ). Coordinated circadian patterns of these key physiological measures are crucial for meeting the increased physical demands of the active part of the day and the reduced demands of sleep.…”