Feature Fusion and Voiceprint-Based Access Control for Wireless Insulin Pump Systems

Abstract

Without effective cryptographic mechanisms, the wireless channel between the USB/uploader and insulin pump frequently suffers from vulnerabilities. Either eavesdropping or therapy manipulation attacks would put the patients in a life-threatening situation. Towards tackling this problem, we propose an access control scheme by introducing feature fusion and voiceprint. Featured by the anti-replay speaker verification and voiceprint-based key agreement, it secures communications over the wireless channel. Through a cascaded fusion of speaker verification and anti-replay countermeasure, the anti-replay speaker verification guarantees that the pump can only be accessed after the verification. When defending against zero-effort and replay impostors with our scheme, the equal error rate can be reduced to 2.22%. Furthermore, to generate a common key for the wireless channel, in the voiceprint-based key agreement, we present a noninteractive energy-difference-based voiceprint extraction and adaptive Reed-Solomon coding based fuzzy extractor. Thus, it enhances the communication encryption which protects the pump from eavesdropping and therapy manipulation attacks. Also, with an appropriate constraint on voiceprints similarity, the key agreement lowers the risk of channel establishment from device locating outside the pump's close proximity. INDEX TERMS Wireless insulin pump, feature fusion, voiceprint, access control, acoustic channel.

Developing Reliable Digital Healthcare Service Using Semi-Quantitative Functional Resonance Analysis

“…There are many published safety-critical system engineering theories and methods. Ping et al [2] proposed an access control scheme by introducing feature fusion and voiceprint, to prevent eavesdropping and therapy manipulation attacks against USB/uploader and insulin pump systems. Gouyon et al [3] presented the validation of critical industrial process architectures from the point of view of safety and operation.…”

“…Fig. 1 illustrates the hardware components and architecture of an insulin pump system [2,22]. The blood glucose sensor measures the blood glucose level of a diabetic by measuring the conductivity of blood.…”

“…Diabetic patients do not need to inject insulin regularly after using insulin pump. This not only reduces the pain caused by subcutaneous injection, but also achieves the timeliness and accuracy of insulin delivery [1,2]. Nevertheless, there are some urgent problems to be solved, such as the possible failure of the control system leads to the untimely or inaccurate dosage of insulin.…”

Intravenous Infusion Monitoring and Flow Control System Equipped with Automatic Air Bubble Detection

“…To perform calculations on the detection process, including measuring the capacitance of the proposed system, several methods are used, such as [18] [19]. The program on the system works to perform the calculations needed to determine the rate of decline under certain conditions and monitor how the microcontroller works to determine the work of servo motor based on information taken from the infrared sensor in charge of detecting liquid drops in intravenous infusion [20]. After initialization, the system program will access the data obtained from the flow determination process by entering the target value of drops per minute and the volume of liquid in the system that is predetermined by the operator on the TFT screen so that a value is obtained to calculate the ideal drop rate.…”