Feather Waste Recycling for Biogas Production

Mézes, Lili; Tamás, János

doi:10.1007/s12649-015-9427-7

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The key question then is, why are feathers not being used to manufacture thermal insulation materials? Moreover, why has extensive research over many years [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] failed to develop a commercially viable circular economy for waste feathers? This research has involved investigating and prototyping the complete production chain for feather materials, from sourcing of industrial waste feathers, to pre-processing involving washing and disinfection, through to the production of novel air laid materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Global poultry consumption is expected to increase to ~ 14.9 kg/person/year by 2023, and this will make poultry the primary source of animal-derived dietary protein [8]. Poultry industry produces ~ 3.1 million tonnes of waste feathers per annum in the EU, and as a result research to develop novel applications for feathers has increased in recent years [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, limited applications for feathers currently exist and developing new materials that exploit the properties of this novel material is an important area for further work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorization of Waste Feathers in the Production of New Thermal Insulation Materials

Dieckmann

Onsiong

Nagy

et al. 2020

Waste Biomass Valor

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Poultry has become the primary source of dietary protein consumed globally and as a result the by-product feathers are an increasingly problematic industrial waste. Developing a circular economy for feathers is, therefore, an important research area that provides an opportunity to make use of the unique combination of properties of this abundant natural material. This paper reports on the thermal properties of novel feather-based thermal insulation materials. Waste feathers were collected, cleaned and processed into fibres, which were then used to form air-laid nonwoven materials. These have a high fibre content and exploit the excellent natural thermal insulation properties of feathers. The performance of the novel materials developed are tested in order to outline the influence of temperature and density on thermal conductivity and dynamic water sorption. Results are compared to a range of commercially available thermal insulation materials for buildings manufactured from denim, hemp, sheep wool, PET and mineral wool. It was found that air laid feather-fibre fabrics have comparable performance to other fibrous materials and have a thermal conductivity of 0.033 W/(m K) for samples with a density of 59 kg/m 3. This is due to the low thermal conductivity of feather fibres and the void structure formed by air-laid processing that effectively traps air. These materials additionally offer improved sustainability credentials as they are derived from a readily available waste that is generally considered to be unavoidable. The paper concludes by highlighting the significant technical and commercial barriers that exist to using waste feathers in thermal insulation products and suggests areas for further research that can exploit the unique properties of feathers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Waste Feathers in the Production of New Thermal Insulation Materials

Dieckmann

Onsiong

Nagy

et al. 2020

Waste Biomass Valor

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“…On the other hand, utilization of thermophiles and hyperthermophiles for the treatment of poultry waste at high temperature is safer from pathogens and toxin producing microorganisms. Particularly, when the feather meal by product is formulated for animal feeds, the risk of disease and toxin transmission to livestock be minimized (Wang and Parsons, 1997;Friedman, 1999;Suzuki et al, 2006;Korniłłowicz-Kowalska and Bohacz, 2011;Mézes and Tamás, 2015).…”

Section: Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review: Biodegradation and Applications of Keratin Degrading Microorganisms and Keratinolytic Enzymes, Focusing on Thermophiles and Thermostable Serine Proteases

Kanoksilapatham¹,

Intagun²

2017

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Keratins are hard-degrading fibrous proteins, insoluble in water and organic solvents, often accumulated in nature and major components in feathers, skins, hair, horn, nail, hoof etc., Keratin-degrading microorganisms such as bacteria, archaea, actinomycetes and fungi employ keratinases to attack keratin. Keratinases belonging to subtilisin-like serine proteases were classified based on similarity of amino acid sequences. Keratinolytic thermophilic or hyperthermophilic bacteria and archaea have been known to degrade keratin at ≥70°C. General properties of thermozymes such as stability to heat and resistance to denaturing conditions; e.g., solvents and detergents have drawn attention to various biotechnological industries. Some bacterial and archaeal keratinases degrade not only fibrous keratin but also digest recalcitrant prion proteins, an etiologic agent of spongiform encephalopathies of brain and nervous system. Keratin and keratinase have a number of applications in various sectors, i.e., biotechnology, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, medical therapy and waste management. On the other hand, accumulation of excess amount of keratin is recognized as solid waste and troublesome environmental pollutant. Biodegradation involving either keratinolytic thermophiles or thermostable keratinases not only improve digestibility and nutritive values of keratinous meals (for mixers in animal feed stuffs), but also minimize risk from infection and microbial toxin transmitted to livestock.

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“…Biogas mainly contains methane and carbon dioxide, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen, and oxygen in minor quantities [4]. Biogas is produced from farm waste, such as cow manure [5], cabbage waste, chicken feces [6]. Another potential waste raw material for biogas production is food industry waste [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas Production from Coffee Pulp and Chicken Feathers Using Liquid- and Solid-State Anaerobic Digestions

et al. 2021

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Agricultural waste, particularly lignocellulose, has been used in the second generation of biogas. Coffee pulp and chicken feathers can be developed as biogas raw materials because of their suitability as a biogas substrate. This study investigates the effect of the percentage of total solids (TS), carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N, g/g), and delignification pretreatment on biogas production from coffee pulp and chicken feathers, and aims to compose kinetics using the modified Gompertz model. The results show that adjusting the percentage of TS at low-level speeds up the degradation process, which increases chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction and biogas production. COD reduction and biogas production increase optimally at the 25 (g/g) C/N ratio. Pretreatment delignification aids microorganisms in substrate decomposition, resulting in faster COD reduction and biogas conversion. The 25% TS and 25 (g/g) C/N ratio with the delignification process achieved the best biogas production, with biogas production of 10,438.04 mL. The Gompertz method shows that the difference in TS percentage can influence biogas production. Moreover, the method shows that biogas production is higher with the delignification process than without it.

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Feather Waste Recycling for Biogas Production

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Valorization of Waste Feathers in the Production of New Thermal Insulation Materials

Valorization of Waste Feathers in the Production of New Thermal Insulation Materials

A Review: Biodegradation and Applications of Keratin Degrading Microorganisms and Keratinolytic Enzymes, Focusing on Thermophiles and Thermostable Serine Proteases

Biogas Production from Coffee Pulp and Chicken Feathers Using Liquid- and Solid-State Anaerobic Digestions

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