Feasibility Study of Motor Powered Agricultural Tractors Based on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Energy Sources

Abstract

The alternate power utilization instead of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) in an agricultural tractor (AT) was studied by simulation approach for the drivelines of electric battery (EB), fuel cell (FC) and reformed methanol fuel cell (RMFC). The working hours were considered 4 with comparison of weight, volume, soil pressure, and fuel efficiency. In weight comparison, 12% overweight in FC-AT, 16% overweight in RMFC-AT, and 99% overweight of EB-AT were observed for the rated output power of light duty tractor (17.25 kW). Less than 5% overweight of FC-AT and RMFC-AT, and 39%-62% overweight of EB-AT were observed for rated output power of medium and heavy-duty tractor (33.75-75.00 kW). Soil pressure in the root-growing block was observed less than 130 kPa for EB-AT, FC-AT, RMFC-AT in the rated output power from 17.25-75.00 kW. In all the alternatives, ±5% fluctuations in the volume were observed. In the design stage, we proposed, that FC-AT was the best alternative considering weight, volume, and soil pressure. Furthermore, the analytical software AVL Cruise ® was used for vehicle drive line system to find out how weight affects the performance for 75.00 kW EB-AT. The analysis was designed for 4 working hours with full load at 20 km/h of velocity using AVL Cruise ® . The peak velocity was found less than 14.1 km/h, and constant working time was only 3 hours, because of the severe overweight by EB storage.

Mogelijkheden voor besparing en opwekking duurzame energie op varkenshouderijbedrijven : Ontwikkeling van ‘opportunity dartboards

“…Een kilogram waterstof heeft ongeveer dezelfde hoeveelheid energie als 3 liter diesel (IRENA, n.d.) en voor productie van 1 kg waterstof is 55 kWh elektriciteit nodig (Zhang et al, 2021). Daarnaast zou een waterstofmotor een 23% hoger rendement hebben dan een dieselmotor (Du et al, 2018). Ook kan opslag van energie in waterstof er voor zorgen dat tijdens piekproductie van zonnepanelen het elektriciteitsnet niet extra wordt belast.…”

Multi-Objective Optimization and Test of a Tractor Drive Motor

“…Therefore, most studies believe that selecting a high-speed drive motor can effectively take advantage of its lower copper loss and improve system efficiency [6]. For some special vehicles with stable speed or vehicles driven by in-wheel motors, due to the small total speed regulation, related research considers that the selection of direct-drive motors with low speed and large torque can effectively reduce the complexity of mechanical transmission systems and improve the system efficiency [7,8]. However, under low-speed operating conditions, such as plowing, the speed of these conditions is usually 5-10 km/h, which has the requirement of full tractor power output; and the maximum speed exceeds 50 km/h, resulting in the total speed ratio of the tractor reaching 5-10.…”