Feasibility Study of a Methodology Using Additive Manufacture to Produce Silicone Ear Prostheses

Artioli, Barbara Olivetti; Kunkel, Maria Elizete; Mestanza, Segundo Nilo

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-9023-3_38

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In their work, they studied pressure and tissue strain along the plantar foot to correlate these variables with the therapeutic effect of footwear and custom-made orthotic inserts, being able to reduce peak plantar pressure by 33.67%. Artioli et al [40] studied the use of different acquisition techniques to manufacture 3D printed silicone ear prostheses, concluding that the use of CT and AM (using polylactic acid or polylactide, PLA, resolution 100 µm) produce differences of 0.1% between the manufactured prosthesis and the objective model. Liacouras et al [41,42] used CT to acquire the morphology of the patients stump and to develop the strategies for designing transtibial prosthetic sockets.…”

Section: Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Orthotic and Prosthetic Manufacturing: A Technology Review

et al. 2020

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In this work, the recent advances for rapid prototyping in the orthoprosthetic industry are presented. Specifically, the manufacturing process of orthoprosthetic aids are analysed, as thier use is widely extended in orthopedic surgery. These devices are devoted to either correct posture or movement (orthosis) or to substitute a body segment (prosthesis) while maintaining functionality. The manufacturing process is traditionally mainly hand-crafted: The subject’s morphology is taken by means of plaster molds, and the manufacture is performed individually, by adjusting the prototype over the subject. This industry has incorporated computer aided design (CAD), computed aided engineering (CAE) and computed aided manufacturing (CAM) tools; however, the true revolution is the result of the application of rapid prototyping technologies (RPT). Techniques such as fused deposition modelling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), laminated object manufacturing (LOM), and 3D printing (3DP) are some examples of the available methodologies in the manufacturing industry that, step by step, are being included in the rehabilitation engineering market—an engineering field with growth and prospects in the coming years. In this work we analyse different methodologies for additive manufacturing along with the principal methods for collecting 3D body shapes and their application in the manufacturing of functional devices for rehabilitation purposes such as splints, ankle-foot orthoses, or arm prostheses.

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Section: Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, manufacturing times are high. Since then, an increasing number of applications have arisen for FDM in the biomedical field for upper [17] and lower limb orthoses [50,71], hand prostheses [19], facial prosthesis [40,72], and drug delivery systems [73].…”

Section: Fused Deposition Modeling (Fdm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Orthotic and Prosthetic Manufacturing: A Technology Review

et al. 2020

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“…This malformation occurs in 2.06 cases per 10,000 live births and may affect the size, orientation, shape and position of the outer ear. Three alternative treatments are used in clinical practice to address this physical malformation: (1) external silicone prosthesis [1,2], (2) Medpor implants [3,4], (3) reconstruction with autologous cartilage tissue extracted from the ribcage [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid prototyping approach for custom training of autologous ear reconstruction

Mussi

Servi

Facchini

et al. 2021

Int J Interact Des Manuf

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Autologous ear reconstruction is the preferred treatment in case of partial or total absence of the patient external ear. This kind of surgery can be really challenging since precise replication of complex three-dimensional structure of the ear is crucial to provide the patients with aesthetically consistent reconstructed anatomy. Therefore, the results strongly depends on the “artistic skills” of the surgeon who is in charge to carry out a three-dimensional sculpture, which resembles the shape of a normal ear. In this context, the definition of a preoperative planning and simulation process based on the patient's specific anatomy may help the surgeon in speeding up the ear reconstruction process and, at the same time, to obtain better results, thus allowing a superior surgical outcome. In the present work the main required features for performing an effective simulation of the ear reconstruction are identified and a strategy for their interactive design and customization is devised with the perspective of a semi-automatization of the procedure. In detail, the paper provides a framework which start from the acquisition of 3D data from both a healthy ear of the patient (or, if not available e.g. due to bilateral microtia of the ear of one of his parents or from a template) and of costal cartilage. Acquired 3D data are properly processed to define the anatomical elements of the ear and to find, using nesting-based algorithms, the costal cartilage portions to be used for carving the ear itself. Finally, 3D printing is used to create a mockup of the ear elements and a prototype of the ear to be reconstructed is created. Validated on a test case, the devised procedure demonstrate its effectiveness.

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“…Such an approach is a suitable solution for patients who are unable to undergo surgery since it is less invasive and there is less risk of infection [3]. Generally, the ear prosthesis is made with room-temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone rubbers able to simulate several skin characteristic such as pigmentation, hardness, and tensile strength [13]. Traditionally, ear prostheses are produced by technicians through a process that involves an impression of the healthy contralateral ear to be used as a model for mirroring and wax sculpting of the future prosthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome such limitations, thus allowing the surgeons to achieve better results in terms of product quality, costs and production time when compared with traditional manual techniques, Computer-Aided Design/Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies and additive manufacturing have been studied in the last decade. In most of the scientific works proposed in the literature [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20], the process of prosthesis production foresees the subsequent phases: Acquisition of a 3D structure of the ear by means of CT scan, photogrammetry or 3D scanner;3D modelling of the prosthesis using CAD/CAM tools;Prosthesis mold manufacturing through 3D printers;Filling of the mold to obtain the silicone ear prosthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ear Reconstruction Simulation: From Handcrafting to 3D Printing

et al. 2019

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Microtia is a congenital malformation affecting one in 5000 individuals and is characterized by physical deformity or absence of the outer ear. Nowadays, surgical reconstruction with autologous tissue is the most common clinical practice. The procedure requires a high level of manual and artistic techniques of a surgeon in carving and sculpting of harvested costal cartilage of the patient to recreate an auricular framework to insert within a skin pocket obtained at the malformed ear region. The aesthetic outcomes of the surgery are highly dependent on the experience of the surgeon performing the surgery. For this reason, surgeons need simulators to acquire adequate technical skills out of the surgery room without compromising the aesthetic appearance of the patient. The current paper aims to describe and analyze the different materials and methods adopted during the history of autologous ear reconstruction (AER) simulation to train surgeons by practice on geometrically and mechanically accurate physical replicas. Recent advances in 3D modelling software and manufacturing technologies to increase the effectiveness of AER simulators are particularly described to provide more recent outcomes.

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Feasibility Study of a Methodology Using Additive Manufacture to Produce Silicone Ear Prostheses

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Advances in Orthotic and Prosthetic Manufacturing: A Technology Review

Advances in Orthotic and Prosthetic Manufacturing: A Technology Review

A rapid prototyping approach for custom training of autologous ear reconstruction

Ear Reconstruction Simulation: From Handcrafting to 3D Printing

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