Feasibility study for biogas integration into waste treatment plants in Ghana

Mohammed, M. N.; Egyir, Irene S.; Donkor, Augustine; Amoah, Philip; Nyarko, Stephen; Boateng, KA; Ziwu, Cephas

doi:10.1016/j.ejpe.2016.10.004

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Biogas contains roughly 50-70 percent methane, 30-40 percent carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. In this work, we used 60% for methane production as the proposed percentage to calculate the cost benefits analysis [38]. Moreover, in this work, we used a 40% efficiency of conversion from the literature [39].…”

Section: Cost Analysis and Economic Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Techno-Economic Analysis of ZnO Nanoparticles Pretreatments for Biogas Production from Barley Straw

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the biogas production from mechanically treated barley straw and to perform a techno-economic analysis based on the costs assessment and on the results of biogas production. The structural changes of mechanically pretreated barley straw were observed using FTIR, XRD, TGA, and SEM. Additionally, both green ZnO NPs prepared from red alga (Antithamnion plumula) extract and chemically prepared ZnO NPs were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM, surface area, and EDX. The results revealed that the biogas production was slightly improved by 14.9 and 13.2% when the barley straw of 0.4 mm was mechanically pretreated with 10 mg/L of both green and chemical ZnO NPs and produced 390.5 mL biogas/g VS and 385 mL biogas/g VS, respectively. On the other hand, the higher concentrations of ZnO NPs equal to 20 mg/L had an inhibitory effect on biogas production and decreased the biogas yield to 173 mL biogas/g VS, which was less than the half of previous values. It was also clear that the mechanically treated barley straw of 0.4 mm size presented a higher biogas yield of about 340 mL/g VS, in comparison to 279 mL biogas/g VS of untreated biomass. The kinetic study showed that the first order, modified Gompertz and logistic function models had the best fit with the experimental data. The results showed that the nanoparticles (NPs) of the mechanically treated barely straw are a suitable source of biomass for biogas production, and its yields are higher than the untreated barley straw. The results of the cost-benefit analysis showed that the average levelized cost of energy (LCOE), adopting the best treatments (0.4 mm + 10 mg/L ZnO), is 0.21 €/kWh, which is not competitive with the other renewable energy systems in the Egyptian energy market.

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Section: Cost Analysis and Economic Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• The initial cost of investment expenditures in year t (I) • Maintenance and operations expenditures in year t (M) = 10% of the initial investment cost [38,39] • Fuel expenditures (if applicable) in year t (F) •…”

Section: Cost Analysis and Economic Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of ZnO Nanoparticles Pretreatments for Biogas Production from Barley Straw

et al. 2020

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“…The inadequate transportation infrastructure in some communities increases disruption risk of feedstock supply chains, especially in areas where feedstock is not all available at the power plant [69]. Where biogas technology has been tested, there are reports of setbacks, partly attributed to the failure of governments to support the technology through a focused energy policy, lack of information regarding its economic viability, poor designs and construction of digesters, wrong operation and lack of maintenance by users [70]. According to Gebreegziabher et al [71], the extent to which users understand the technology is essential, and this is often lacking, leading to a situation where technical challenges are difficult to resolve, affecting the maintenance and sustainability of installed units.…”

Section: Technical and Infrastructural Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Commercial Biogas Systems and Lessons for Africa

2018

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Many African countries have vast biomass resources that could serve as feedstock for methane production through the adoption of commercial biogas plants. However, due to many inhibiting factors, these resources are under-utilised. This article reviews commercial biogas systems that treat organic waste from municipalities, large livestock farms, large plantations/crop farms, food/beverage production facilities, and other industries, to identify essential lessons which African countries could use to develop/disseminate such biogas systems. The review identified the critical barriers to commercial biogas development to be high initial capital costs, weak environmental policies, poor institutional framework, poor infrastructure and a general lack of willpower to implement renewable energy policies and set challenging targets. In African countries where feed-in-tariffs, quota obligations and competitive bidding programmes have been instituted, implementation has been poor, and most state-owned utilities have been unsupportive. Using knowledge from more experienced countries such as Germany and China, some key lessons have were identified. Among the key lessons is the need to institute and enforce environmental management policies to ensure that waste from medium and large livestock farms and industries are not disposed of indiscriminately, a tool China has recently used to promote commercial biogas plants to a high degree of success.

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“…Additionally, they amend the manure composition from a complex, malodorous effluent to an odor-free, plant-accessible one. Furthermore, biological treatments decrease the manure nutrient loading, thus minimizing the risk of over-application or nutrient runoff [26]. In general, most swine farms utilize at least one type of biological treatment.…”

Section: Biological Treatments Of the Swine Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and Barriers to Bioenergy Conversion Techniques and Their Potential Implementation on Swine Manure

Sharara

Sadaka²

2018

Energies

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The objectives of this article are to offer a comprehensive evaluation of the opportunities and barriers for swine manure conversion technologies and to shed light on the gaps that might require further investigation to improve the applicability of these technologies. The challenges of manure management have been propagated alongside the global growth of swine production. Various technologies that target the production of energy, fuels, and bioproducts from swine manure have been reported. These technologies include pretreatments, i.e., drying, and solid separation; biological techniques, i.e., composting, anaerobic digestion, and biodrying; and thermochemical techniques, i.e., combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, liquefaction, and carbonization. The review highlights the yields and qualities of products, i.e., energy, gaseous fuel, liquid fuel, and solid fuel, of each technology. It exhibits that the choice of a conversion technology predominantly depends on the feedstock properties, the specifics of the conversion technique, the market values of the end products as well as the local regulations. The challenges associated with the presented techniques are discussed to ameliorate research and development in these areas. The notable finding of this paper is that there is a need for full-scale research in the area of thermochemical conversion of solid-separated swine manure.

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Feasibility study for biogas integration into waste treatment plants in Ghana

Cited by 44 publications

References 18 publications

Techno-Economic Analysis of ZnO Nanoparticles Pretreatments for Biogas Production from Barley Straw

Techno-Economic Analysis of ZnO Nanoparticles Pretreatments for Biogas Production from Barley Straw

A Review of Commercial Biogas Systems and Lessons for Africa

Opportunities and Barriers to Bioenergy Conversion Techniques and Their Potential Implementation on Swine Manure

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