Fear of COVID-19 and general self-efficacy among Turkish teachers: Mediating role of perceived social support

Yenen, Emin Tamer; Çarkıt, Ersoy

doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02306-1

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Regarding the second goal of this study, the analyzed groups did not differ in terms of general self-efficacy. Thus, our results do not support those researchers who indicate that COVID-19 and lockdown significantly decreased the sense of self-efficacy in the general population [48,49]. Perhaps, in PwMS, self-efficacy beliefs are more stable, developed in coping with MS and more resistant to changing external conditions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Mental Health Status of People with Multiple Sclerosis during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Wilski¹,

Koper²,

Gabryelski

et al. 2022

JCM

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Objective. This study assesses and compares the mental health status of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) in Poland during the second wave of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (November 2020) to a similar group whose mental health status was examined in November 2017. It also analyzed the psychological resources such as self-efficacy and health locus of control (HLC) and their relationship to mental health in both groups. Methods. Cross-sectional study included two groups of PwMS with 113 respondents each. The respondents completed the General Health Questionnaire-12 and questionnaires for assessing self-efficacy and HLC. The clinical and demographic data of participants were also collected. Results. No differences in mental health status were observed between the studied groups. A hierarchical regression model of the group studied in 2020 revealed that general self-efficacy (β = −0.21, p = 0.032), HLC—internal (β = −0.21, p = 0.035), and education (β = −0.18, p = 0.048) explained 18% of the variance in the mental health of PwMS, whereas according to the model of the group assessed in 2017 self-efficacy (β = –0.31, p < 0.001), HLC—chance (β = 0.45, p < 0.001), and HLC—internal (β = −0.37, p < 0.001) explained 48% of the variance. Conclusions. Study results suggest that the pandemic and the related lockdown had no effect on the mental health status of PwMS. At the same time, it was noted that well known determinants of mental health such as self-efficacy and HLC seemed to retain their prominent role for mental functioning in the pandemic.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Mental Health Status of People with Multiple Sclerosis during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Wilski¹,

Koper²,

Gabryelski

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…Another study involving 681 French participants discovered that poor social support was linked to increased depression symptoms ( 98 ). Furthermore, our results were consistent with those of Yenen and Çarkit ( 12 ), who discovered that in 322 Turkish teachers, lower perceived social support was linked to a higher fear of COVID-19. However, a study in the United Kingdom reported that social support appears to be linked to an increased likelihood of COVID-19 testing and vaccination, which is also supported by our results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Mental health outcomes and associated factors among vaccinated and unvaccinated teachers against COVID-19 infection in Bangladesh

et al. 2022

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BackgroundVaccination of teachers is recommended during the COVID-19 pandemic to reduce the risk of infection for themselves and their students, as well as to encourage their parents to get immunized. The present study investigated the mental health outcomes and associated factors among vaccinated and unvaccinated teachers against COVID-19 infection in Bangladesh.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in Bangladesh from March 4 to September 9, 2021. The frequency of symptoms of psychological distress, depression, anxiety, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), insomnia, and fear was assessed using the Bangla versions of the GHQ-12, PHQ-2, GAD-2, PSS-4, PC-PTSD-5, ISI, and FCV-19S scales, respectively.ResultsA total of 1,527 Bangladeshi teachers completed the questionnaire, with 678 (44.4%) being vaccinated and 849 (55.6%) being unvaccinated. Compared with unvaccinated teachers, vaccinated teachers had a statistically significant lower prevalence of psychological distress (35.8 vs. 42.9%), depression (37.6 vs. 46.4%), anxiety (31.9 vs. 45.1%), stress (18.3 vs. 32.0%), PTSD (33.0 vs. 43.8%), insomnia (25.2 vs. 36.9%), and fear symptoms (23.3 vs. 29.6%). Among vaccinated teachers, participants with master’s or lower degree levels had significantly higher symptoms of depression, stress, and fear than other education levels. Respondents with children had a significantly higher risk of depression, anxiety, stress, and fear symptoms than those who did not have children. Participants who lost family members, friends, or colleagues due to the COVID-19 pandemic had a significantly higher chance of experiencing symptoms of anxiety, PTSD, and fear than those who did not. On the other hand, unvaccinated male teachers were significantly associated with a higher risk of all mental health outcomes except psychological distress and PTSD symptoms compared to female teachers. Participants who were smokers had a significantly higher chance of anxiety, stress, and fear symptoms than non-smokers. Compared to participants with strong social support, those with poor social support had a higher risk of all mental health outcomes except PTSD symptoms.ConclusionThis study suggests emphasizing the vaccinated to unvaccinated teachers as soon as possible to control the infection and improve mental health outcomes. Vulnerable teachers also required special attention, health-related education, and psychological support.

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“…The relationship between self-efficacy and anxiety was also seen in several previous studies, including by Yenen et al (2021) who showed that higher fear of COVID-19 was associated with lower selfefficacy. Then Kashdan & Roberts (2004) mention that low self-efficacy is associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Self-efficacy, covid-19 anxiety, and achievement motivation for employees who can not work from home in pandemic times

Cahaya¹

2022

IJRP

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Covid-19 has caused nationwide anxiety, many initiatives have been created to suppress the spread of covid-19, but the anxiety of contracting the virus is certainly undeniable, especially for employees who cannot leave their jobs and do not have the luxury to do work from home. However, the anxiety that arises can be overcome by the presence of efficacy and motivation of each individual. Individuals with high self-efficacy beliefs will be more persistent and adaptable to new obstacles (Bandura, 1994). Furthermore, Wood & Bandura (in Staples et al) stated that individuals' self-efficacy beliefs also influence their level of motivation, which is reflected in how much effort they will put in and how long it will last. Individuals who have high achievement motivation, when faced with complex tasks and challenges tend to do well (McClelland, 1975). Therefore, achievement motivation is a crucial factor, especially during this pandemic.This study aims to empirically measure the role of self-efficacy, anxiety about COVID-19, and achievement motivation for employees who cannot work from home during the pandemic. This study uses 3 scales, self-efficacy is measured by the general self-efficacy scale which has a reliability of 0.86. Anxiety about COVID-19 is measured by the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the reliability of this scale is 0.88. While achievement motivation uses a revised version of the Achievement Motivation Scale which consists of 2 dimensions, hope of success (HS) and fear of failure (FF), with the reliability of HS 0.71 and FF 0.79. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. This research involves 290 workers from the various industrial sectors, the majority were workers from the retail trade and health sector that were not possible to do their jobs from home. The results show that self-efficacy and anxiety about COVID-19 together have a very significant effect on achievement motivation. Individuals who have high self-efficacy will have high achievement motivation. Then if individuals were not too anxious about COVID-19, there will also be an increase in achievement motivation

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Fear of COVID-19 and general self-efficacy among Turkish teachers: Mediating role of perceived social support

Cited by 25 publications

References 60 publications

Mental Health Status of People with Multiple Sclerosis during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Mental Health Status of People with Multiple Sclerosis during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Mental health outcomes and associated factors among vaccinated and unvaccinated teachers against COVID-19 infection in Bangladesh

Self-efficacy, covid-19 anxiety, and achievement motivation for employees who can not work from home in pandemic times

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