Fe₃O₄-based PLGA nanoparticles as MR contrast agents for the detection of thrombosis

Abstract

Thrombotic disease is a great threat to human health, and early detection is particularly important. Magnetic resonance (MR) molecular imaging provides noninvasive imaging with the potential for early disease diagnosis. In this study, we developed Fe 3 O 4 -based poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) surface-modified with a cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) peptide as an MR contrast agent for the detection of thrombosis. The physical and chemical characteristics, biological toxicity, ability to target thrombi, and biodistribution of the NPs were studied. The Fe 3 O 4 -PLGA-cRGD NPs were constructed successfully, and hematologic and pathologic assays indicated no in vivo toxicity of the NPs. In a rat model of FeCl 3 -induced abdominal aorta thrombosis, the NPs readily and selectively accumulated on the surface of the thrombosis and under vascular endothelial cells ex vivo and in vivo. In the in vivo experiment, the biodistribution of the NPs suggested that the NPs might be internalized by the macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system in the liver and the spleen. The T2 signal decreased at the mural thrombus 10 min after injection and then gradually increased until 50 min. These results suggest that the NPs are suitable for in vivo molecular imaging of thrombosis under high shear stress conditions and represent a very promising MR contrast agent for sensitive and specific detection of thrombosis.

Safety and efficacy of PLGA(Ag-Fe₃O₄)-coated dental implants in inhibiting bacteria adherence and osteogenic inducement under a magnetic field

“…20 There is a considerable challenge to find an agent that improves both antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 21 Inspired by the unique properties of Ag-Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, we demonstrated the feasibility of coating dental implants under an extracorporeal magnetic field with a reduced concentration of PLGA(Ag-Fe 3 O 4 ) to improve biological compatibility without compromising antibacterial efficiency (Scheme 1). The permanent magnet was used to build the magnetic field as close to the PLGA(Ag-Fe 3 O 4 ) as possible.…”

Recent advances and future prospects of iron oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine and diagnostics

“…Recent research advancements have produced several excellent magnetic contrast agents such as gadolinium, superparamagnetic iron oxides, ultra-small (5–10 nm) superparamagnetic iron oxides, gadolinium doped carbon nanotubes, quantum dots embedded paramagnetic micelles and soft nanoparticles such as liposomes, perfluorocarbon emulsions, etc. (Emily and Waters 2008 ; Liu et al 2017 ). Further, IONPs are prepared in combination with other NPs, proteins or dyes to achieve multiple applications in a single stage, for instance, MRI and immuno-histochemical staining of cancer cells was executed using ferrimagnetic H-ferritin (M-HFn) nanoparticles, dual MRI and CT imaging of tumor was simultaneously fulfilled by assembling gold (Au) nanocages‚ Fe 3 O 4 NPs and triple functional iron oxide nanoparticles (Fig.…”

Nano-Medicine for Thrombosis: A Precise Diagnosis and Treatment Strategy

“…(2) The cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) peptide was reported to target the activated platelets due to the surface-overexpressed GPIIb/IIIa receptor [45]. The cRGD peptide was decorated on the surface with Fe 3 O 4 -poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 @PLGA) [46]. The coated PLGA layer provided the nanoparticles with excellent biocompatibility for cardiovascular diseases.…”