Fe-Based Nano-Materials in Catalysis

Abstract

The role of iron in view of its further utilization in chemical processes is presented, based on current knowledge of its properties. The addition of iron to a catalyst provides redox functionality, enhancing its resistance to carbon deposition. FeOx species can be formed in the presence of an oxidizing agent, such as CO2, H2O or O2, during reaction, which can further react via a redox mechanism with the carbon deposits. This can be exploited in the synthesis of active and stable catalysts for several processes, such as syngas and chemicals production, catalytic oxidation in exhaust converters, etc. Iron is considered an important promoter or co-catalyst, due to its high availability and low toxicity that can enhance the overall catalytic performance. However, its operation is more subtle and diverse than first sight reveals. Hence, iron and its oxides start to become a hot topic for more scientists and their findings are most promising. The scope of this article is to provide a review on iron/iron-oxide containing catalytic systems, including experimental and theoretical evidence, highlighting their properties mainly in view of syngas production, chemical looping, methane decomposition for carbon nanotubes production and propane dehydrogenation, over the last decade. The main focus goes to Fe-containing nano-alloys and specifically to the Fe–Ni nano-alloy, which is a very versatile material.

Surface Modification and Enhancement of Ferromagnetism in BiFeO3 Nanofilms Deposited on HOPG

“…It was also observed during the formation of a thin layer of iron with the self-organization of the Fe 2 O 3 phase on the HOPG surface [ 64 ]. This is likely due to the catalytic properties of the iron oxide itself [ 65 ], The sp 2 intensity becomes almost invisible in the spectrum during annealing at 673–773 K. This temperature range is also associated with the formation of the iron carbonate phase FeCO 3 [ 66 ]. This is due to the formation of a BFO film in the crystalline phase and the initial stage of carbon reduction in the near-surface region.…”

One‐pot synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridine derivatives using the Fe2ZnAl2O7 catalyzed Hantzsch three‐component reaction

“…Iron is among the most commonly found elements in the earth's crust composing 5% of its composition. [27] Recently, metal oxides have become the largest heterogeneous catalyst family due to their redox properties and acidic base. In addition, bulk zinc oxide has been applied as a heterogeneous catalyst in a variety of organic transformations.…”

“…Iron is among the most commonly found elements in the earth's crust composing 5% of its composition. [ 27 ]…”

Trimetallic Catalyst Configuration for Syngas Production

“…However, depending on the employed Ni/(Ni + Fe) ratio, NiÀ Fe catalysts deactivate during long time-on-stream (24 h), due to Fe segregation from the alloy under reaction conditions. [20] To counteract the latter, noble metals can provide a solution. Their incorporation at low concentrations (~1 wt%) can yield process stability, making their partial implementation economically affordable, as they can significantly rearrange the catalytical structure and affect the performance.…”