Fault system, deformation style and development mechanism of the Bachu uplift, Tarim basin

Tong, Dianjun; Zhang, Junxia; Yang, Hongfeng; Hu, Desheng; Ren, Jianye

doi:10.1007/s12583-012-0273-2

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Basement structures beneath the Mazar Tagh can be observed in seismic profiles, and these have led to some confusion in previous structural interpretations (e.g., T. Li et al, 2016;C. Wang et al, 2014;Wittlinger et al, 2004), but their sealing by recent Quaternary deposits indicates that they are currently no longer active (e.g., Tong et al, 2012;C. Wang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Geological Cross Section 321 General Results and Observatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the emergent deformation front of the range corresponds to the Mazar Tagh thrust ramp located much further north within the Tarim Basin (e.g., R. Lu et al, ; Wittlinger et al, ; Figures and ). To the north, in the footwall of this ramp, large blind Cenozoic structures were also described (Figure ), but their sealing by Quaternary deposits indicate that they are not currently active (e.g., Tong et al, ; C. Wang et al, ).…”

Section: Geological and Climatic Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Field, satellite, and seismic observations clearly indicate that the Mazar Tagh thrust has a northward vergence similar to that of the Western Kunlun and that it roots into the Paleogene shallow marine and evaporitic series. Basement structures beneath the Mazar Tagh can be observed in seismic profiles, and these have led to some confusion in previous structural interpretations (e.g., T. Li et al, ; C. Wang et al, ; Wittlinger et al, ), but their sealing by recent Quaternary deposits indicates that they are currently no longer active (e.g., Tong et al, ; C. Wang et al, ). In any case, we are not able to propose a kinematically viable solution to transfer slip from these basement faults onto the Mazar Tagh thrust ramp.…”

Section: Structure Of the Yecheng–pishan Foldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 10.1002/2017JB014069 ramp, large blind Cenozoic structures were also described ( Figure 1), but their sealing by Quaternary deposits indicate that they are not currently active (e.g., Tong et al, 2012;C. Wang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Geological and Climatic Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinematics of Active Deformation Across the Western Kunlun Mountain Range (Xinjiang, China) and Potential Seismic Hazards Within the Southern Tarim Basin

et al. 2017

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The Western Kunlun mountain range is a slowly converging intracontinental orogen where deformation rates are too low to be properly quantified from geodetic techniques. This region has recorded little seismicity, but the recent July 2015 (Mw 6.4) Pishan earthquake shows that this mountain range remains seismic. To quantify the rate of active deformation and the potential for major earthquakes in this region, we combine a structural and quantitative morphological analysis of the Yecheng–Pishan fold, along the topographic mountain front in the epicentral area. Using a seismic profile, we derive a structural cross section in which we identify the fault that broke during the Pishan earthquake, an 8–12 km deep blind ramp beneath the Yecheng–Pishan fold. Combining satellite images and DEMs, we achieve a detailed morphological analysis of the Yecheng–Pishan fold, where we find nine levels of incised fluvial terraces and alluvial fans. From their incision pattern and using age constraints retrieved on some of these terraces from field sampling, we quantify the slip rate on the underlying blind ramp to 0.5 to 2.5 mm/yr, with a most probable long‐term value of 2 to 2.5 mm/yr. The evolution of the Yecheng–Pishan fold is proposed by combining all structural, morphological, and chronological observations. Finally, we compare the seismotectonic context of the Western Kunlun to what has been proposed for the Himalayas of Central Nepal. This allows for discussing the possibility of M ≥ 8 earthquakes if the whole decollement across the southern Tarim Basin is seismically locked and ruptures in one single event.

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Section: Geological Cross Section 321 General Results and Observatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological and Climatic Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structure Of the Yecheng–pishan Foldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological and Climatic Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinematics of Active Deformation Across the Western Kunlun Mountain Range (Xinjiang, China) and Potential Seismic Hazards Within the Southern Tarim Basin

et al. 2017

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“…We have modeled this earthquake using the same seismological method as described for the Pishan earthquake (section 3.1), and the results of our waveform modeling are shown in Figure . This thrust‐faulting earthquake occurred on an E–W to SE–NW oriented plane, slightly to the north of the Bachu uplift (Figure , inset), a thrust‐bounded basement uplift in the central Tarim Basin (e.g., Allen et al, ; Tong et al, ). The depth of the event is well constrained at 51 ± 5 km due to the clear separation in time between the direct wave and the depth phases (Figure ; calculated using the Tarim Basin velocity model of Huang et al ()), possibly suggesting that the lower crust of the region is anhydrous (e.g., Jackson et al, ).…”

Section: Pishan Earthquake In the Context Of The Tarim‐tibet Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blind Thrusting, Surface Folding, and the Development of Geological Structure in the M_w 6.3 2015 Pishan (China) Earthquake

et al. 2017

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The relationship between individual earthquakes and the longer‐term growth of topography and of geological structures is not fully understood, but is key to our ability to make use of topographic and geological data sets in the contexts of seismic hazard and wider‐scale tectonics. Here we investigate those relationships at an active fold‐and‐thrust belt in the southwest Tarim Basin, Central Asia. We use seismic waveforms and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) to determine the fault parameters and slip distribution of the 2015 Mw6.3 Pishan earthquake—a blind, reverse‐faulting event dipping toward the Tibetan Plateau. Our earthquake mechanism and location correspond closely to a fault mapped independently by seismic reflection, indicating that the earthquake was on a preexisting ramp fault over a depth range of ∼9–13 km. However, the geometry of folding in the overlying fluvial terraces cannot be fully explained by repeated coseismic slip in events such as the 2015 earthquake nor by the early postseismic motion shown in our interferograms; a key role in growth of the topography must be played by other mechanisms. The earthquake occurred at the Tarim‐Tibet boundary, with the unusually low dip of 21°. We use our source models from Pishan and a 2012 event to argue that the Tarim Basin crust deforms only by brittle failure on faults whose effective coefficient of friction is ≤0.05 ± 0.025. In contrast, most of the Tibetan crust undergoes ductile deformation, with a viscosity of order 1020–1022 Pa s. This contrast in rheologies provides an explanation for the low dip of the earthquake fault plane.

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Basement fault control on the extensional process of a basin: A case study from the Cambrian–Silurian of the Sichuan Basin, South‐west China

et al. 2022

Geological Journal

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The Sichuan Basin, located on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, is an intracontinental basin that developed in the Yangtze Block. The Cambrian–Silurian strata in this basin have enormous exploration potential in terms of natural gas, but their structural evolution during the Cambrian–Silurian remains controversial. Based on wells, seismic profiles, aeromagnetic data, and previous research results, this study investigated the structures related to the Leshan–Longnvsi palaeo‐uplift and the activity of the Cambrian–Silurian basement faults, revealing the activity of the extensional process during the Cambrian–Silurian. The results of this study were as follows: (1) the flattening of the bottom of the Permian strata in seismic profiles located in the Leshan–Longnvsi palaeo‐uplift revealed a large number of normal faults, grabens, and horsts in the Cambrian–Silurian strata, indicating that the Leshan–Longnvsi palaeo‐uplift was an extensional structure during the Cambrian–Silurian period; (2) balanced cross‐sections and strata isopach maps showed that all seven basement faults in the basin were normal faults during the Cambrian–Silurian; (3) Sichuan Basin was in an extensional setting during the Cambrian–Silurian; (4) seven basement faults controlled the extensional process during the Cambrian–Silurian in the Sichuan Basin.

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Fault system, deformation style and development mechanism of the Bachu uplift, Tarim basin

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Kinematics of Active Deformation Across the Western Kunlun Mountain Range (Xinjiang, China) and Potential Seismic Hazards Within the Southern Tarim Basin

Kinematics of Active Deformation Across the Western Kunlun Mountain Range (Xinjiang, China) and Potential Seismic Hazards Within the Southern Tarim Basin

Blind Thrusting, Surface Folding, and the Development of Geological Structure in the M_w 6.3 2015 Pishan (China) Earthquake

Basement fault control on the extensional process of a basin: A case study from the Cambrian–Silurian of the Sichuan Basin, South‐west China

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Fault system, deformation style and development mechanism of the Bachu uplift, Tarim basin

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Kinematics of Active Deformation Across the Western Kunlun Mountain Range (Xinjiang, China) and Potential Seismic Hazards Within the Southern Tarim Basin

Kinematics of Active Deformation Across the Western Kunlun Mountain Range (Xinjiang, China) and Potential Seismic Hazards Within the Southern Tarim Basin

Blind Thrusting, Surface Folding, and the Development of Geological Structure in the Mw 6.3 2015 Pishan (China) Earthquake

Basement fault control on the extensional process of a basin: A case study from the Cambrian–Silurian of the Sichuan Basin, South‐west China

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Blind Thrusting, Surface Folding, and the Development of Geological Structure in the M_w 6.3 2015 Pishan (China) Earthquake