Fatty Acids and Naturally Occurring Plant Lipids as Stimulants of Rhizomorph Production in Armillaria mellea

Moody, A. R.

doi:10.1094/phyto-62-264

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A defined glucose-asparagine medium (Moody & Weinhold, 1972) and inoculum consisting of water agar cultures 2-6 weeks old were used after preliminary experiments to verify the optimum C : N ratio of the medium. To 1 litre were added 5 ml of a solution containing 2 mg FeS0,.7H20 ml-l, and 10 ml of a solution containing 0.8 mg Mn(CH3COO), .4H20, 0.2 mg Zn(N03),.4H20, 5 mg Ca(N03),.4H20 and 0-3 mg CuSO, .5H20 ml-l.…”

Section: Organism Armillaria Melleamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weinhold (1963) has shown that the addition of ethanol in low concentrations stimulates mycelial growth and induces abundant rhizomorph growth. Lipids (Moody & Weinhold, 1972) and some phenols such as tannic acid (Cheo, 1982) also induce rhizomorphs. Jacques-Felix (1968) found that a phenol oxidase was produced only in cultures producing rhizomorphs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Rhizomorph Formation with Laccase Activity in Armillaria spp.

1986

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2527Ethanol and other substances that induce rhizomorphs in Armillaria spp. also induced laccase formation. In a range of isolates rhizomorph production and laccase activities were positively correlated. Laccase was first detectable just before the appearance of rhizomorph initials. Its activity reached a peak when rhizomorph growth rate was highest and fell to near zero when rhizomorph growth ceased. Laccase was not detected in non-induced cultures. Laccase reaction with chromogenic substrates was much higher in rhizomorphs than in mycelia. Laccase activity and rhizomorph production, but not mycelial growth, were decreased in the presence of enzyme inhibitors with activity against laccase. The results suggest a role for laccase in morphogenesis and/or growth of rhizomorphs.

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Section: Organism Armillaria Melleamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Rhizomorph Formation with Laccase Activity in Armillaria spp.

1986

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“…E R 1966, WILCOX 1970), although it is, in general, the saprophytic fungus which is proved for higher tolerance to common fungicides (DOMSCH 1960 b). The pronounced preference t o fresh wood of the pathogen Arndlariella mellea unique in its extent (GRAMSS 1983) is apparently based on the stimulatory effect to rhizomorph developnient of certain fatty acids, plant lipids, and auxins (MOODY andWEINHOLD 1972, GARRAWAY 1975) which also increase mycelial production in Phueolus schweinikii (ROBBJNS et ul. 1903 HOLDBNRJEDER 1982).…”

Section: G Geamssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion of wood by basidiomycetous fungi II. Obliterated differences between pathosism and saprophytism on pre‐degraded wood substrates in monoxenic culture

Gramss

1985

J. Basic Microbiol.

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Yycelial production and linear extension growth of 41 wood-destroying basidiomycetous fungi (WBF) whose pathogenicity and kratovirulence levels permitted their subdivision into 7 fungal categories was determined on nonsterile and autoclaved wood dust materials from fresh, discoloured (nondecay), and decay wood samples. The resident microflora of nonsterile wood meals compels the intruding WBF mycelium to mobilize its entire competitive ability when going to colonize a contaminated substrate. This demand excludes the pathogenic WBF from utilizing the nonsterile substrates but allows for extensive development of the fresh-wood and successive saprophytes that afford the required kratovirulence level. On sterilized wood dust, any differences in the growth patterns of pathogenic and saprophytic WBF vanish immediately. Sterile fresh wood samples from host and nonhost trees the latter being never infected in the field allow for widely uniform mycelial production by fungal species with wide or extremely narrow host range. Some fungi display, in addition, a strong substrate preference t o certain natural host tree species or their close relatives. No correlation was found between the total exoenzymatic activity reported for the fungus concerned and its mycelial production. Top values of mycelial formation were observed in fungi with lowest enzymatic activity as well as in producers of normal enzyme quantities whilc some brown-rot fungi showed extremely restricted mycelial output although they are known for enzymatic activities to be highest.Among the 41 fungal species listed, 25 prefer certain particular nondecay and decay wood samples to fresh wood meal although the general rulc is a higher mycelial production on fresh wood. The addiction t o pre-degraded wood can be traced, surprisingly, throughout all fungal categories wit.h the tendency to abate in saprophytic ones. The brown-rot fungi are more frequently stimulated by the discoloured nondecay wood while white-rot fungi tend to prefer decay wood samples. The partially diminutive mycelial production in certain brown-rot fungi means no defect in vitality or wood-decay capacity. The weekly linear extension growth figure LE7 of the fungal mycelia can reach top values throughout the 7 fungal categories. No relationship was detected between rapid mycelial growth and both kratovirulence level or pathogenic potency. Fungi most reliably transplanted to raw substrates have medium-sized LE7 figures. It is concluded that the striking diffcrences bctween pathogenic and saprophytic members of WBF they display in their competitive ability immediately vanish in the absence of substrate microorganisms. The in vitro tests neither reveal differences in a striking host substrate specificity, the preference to fresh or decay wood, mycelial dry matter production, general enzymatic particularities, and weekly mycelial growth rate. The large groups of wooddestroying basidiomycotous fungi (WBF)-pathogenic as

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“…in vivo. (MOODY and WEINHOLD, 1970). In vitro studies indicated that linoleic acid, a common unsaturated fatty acid, may be important in the resistance of Alnus rubra BONG, to infection by Poria weirii MURR.…”

Section: Choice Of Potential Marker Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect selection for resistance to fusiform rust in Loblolly pine

Weissenberg¹

1973

Acta For. Fenn.

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Fatty Acids and Naturally Occurring Plant Lipids as Stimulants of Rhizomorph Production in Armillaria mellea

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Association of Rhizomorph Formation with Laccase Activity in Armillaria spp.

Association of Rhizomorph Formation with Laccase Activity in Armillaria spp.

Invasion of wood by basidiomycetous fungi II. Obliterated differences between pathosism and saprophytism on pre‐degraded wood substrates in monoxenic culture

Indirect selection for resistance to fusiform rust in Loblolly pine

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