Fatty acid supply with complementary foods and LC-PUFA status in healthy infants: results of a randomised controlled trial

Libuda, Lars; Mesch, Christina M.; Stimming, Madlen; Demmelmair, Hans; Koletzko, Berthold; Warschburger, Petra; Blanke, Katharina; Reischl, Eva; Kalhoff, Hermann; Kersting, Mathilde

doi:10.1007/s00394-015-0982-2

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The RBC-DHA and RBC-AA observed in children were comparable to those in a randomized controlled trial of healthy German infants, where complementary foods either enriched with ALA-rich rapeseed oil, LA-rich corn oil or salmon (DHA), were given from the age of 4 months until age of 10 months [30]. In that trial, the RBC-DHA in the two groups with rapeseed oil and corn oil declined from 5.9% to 4.5%, that was even lower than observed in our study (4.9%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…One explanation for the higher level of DHA in the Nepali women may be that they had a considerably lower fat intake, about one third of the Chilean women. ALA and LA are essential fatty acids and can to some extent be desaturated and elongated to DHA and AA, respectively [30] and low-fat diets have been associated with significantly higher levels of DHA in intervention trials [55,56]. In addition, the Chilean women had a relatively high intake of LA 4.4 g/day (median), which can adversely affect the EPA and DHA formation [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erythrocyte fatty acid composition of Nepal breast-fed infants

Henjum

Lie²,

Ulak

et al. 2017

Eur J Nutr

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28Purpose: Essential fatty acids play a critical role in the growth and development of infants, but 29 little is known about the fatty acid status of populations in low-income countries. The and arachidonic acid (AA) was the major n-6 fatty acid. Total n-6 PUFA was three times 38 higher than total n-3 PUFA. Height for age (HAZ) was positively associated with DHA status 39 and AA status in multivariable models. The concentration of all fatty acids were higher in 40 children, compared to mothers, except Total n-6 PUFA and Linoleic acid (LA) where no 41 differences were found The mother's energy intake from fat was 13% and cooking oil 42 (sesame, mustard, soybean or sunflower oil) contributed 52% of the fat intake. Conclusions: 43RBC DHA levels in both infants and mother was unexpected high taking into account few 44 dietary DHA-sources and the low DHA concentrations in breastmilk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythrocyte fatty acid composition of Nepal breast-fed infants

Henjum

Lie²,

Ulak

et al. 2017

Eur J Nutr

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“…One study showed that breastfeeding, Fatty acid dehydrogenase (FADS) genotype and fish intake are important determinants of blood DHA status in late infancy, with each 10-g increment in fish intake being associated with a 0.3 FA% increase in DHA status [87]. Four studies have investigated the effect of supplying additional LCPUFA or precursor fatty acids in CF, demonstrating effects on red cell or plasma fatty acid status [88][89][90][91], although only one study incorporated a clinical outcome; breast-fed infants randomised to receive jar per day of weaning foods containing DHA-enriched egg yolk had a greater increase in visual acuity resolution by months than those fed control baby food. Two additional trials investigated the role of LCPUFA supplementation of infant formulae during the CF period, with infants randomized to LCPUFA-supplemented versus unsupplemented formulae when they stopped breast-feeding at either 6 weeks [92] of age or 4 to 6 months [93] of age.…”

Section: Lcpufa Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary Feeding

Fewtrell

Bronský

Campoy

et al. 2017

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

713

705

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“…Their observation, if confirmed in larger studies, suggests that breastfed and formula-fed infants alike may need increased monitoring for iron deficiency, because concerns about giving excessive iron may lead to lower levels of iron fortification in formula and infant foods. 3 Iron deficiency may well become more common in Europe and the US even as evidence mounts indicating poorer developmental and behavioral outcomes with iron deficiency with or without anemia. [4][5][6] Current hemoglobin screening detects anemia but not iron deficiency, however, and thus, protecting the developing child from too little or too much iron remains challenging.…”

Section: Replymentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding or formula feeding and iron status in the second 6 months of life: A critical role for complementary feeding

Kalhoff¹,

Kersting²

2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Breastfeeding or formula feeding in later infancy was correlated with the risk of developing iron deficiency anemia by Clark et al 1 in a secondary analysis of an observational study in a large sample of Chinese infants. Surprisingly, the authors did not consider complementary feeding habits in the data analysis or interpretation, although it is a public health consensus that the iron content of complementary feeding addresses the high iron requirements during the second 6 months of life. We had the opportunity to examine recent trends in iron intake and iron status in infants in Germany, where introduction of iron-rich complementary feeding between 4 and 6 months of age is a fundamental part of the pediatric guidelines. In a secondary analysis of 2 dietary studies conducted 5 years apart (2006-2009, 2011-2013), we found that in both studies (n = 76 and 73, respectively), 2,3 the iron intake was far below reference values and lower recently (approximately 4 mg/day between 6 and 10 months). At age 10 months, in the earlier study, 11 of 53 (21%) breastfed infants and 0 of 23 formula-fed infants presented with iron deficiency (serum ferritin <12 µg/L), but in the more recent study, iron deficiency was found in 18 of 50 breastfed infants (36%) and in 7 of 23 formula-fed infants (30%). In either study sample (except the earlier formula group), 1 infant had iron deficiency anemia. 4 Parallel time trends in the iron content of important infant foods helped explain these data, because both the lower iron content of the formula marketed and the lower mean meat content of the jars used in complementary feeding in the recent study might have contributed to the present-day low total iron intake and inferior iron status. Given that interpretation of iron status in infancy remains hampered by insufficient knowledge about adequate iron status measures, 5 comprehensive dietary background data are indispensable.

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Fatty acid supply with complementary foods and LC-PUFA status in healthy infants: results of a randomised controlled trial

Abstract: www.clinicaltrials.gov , identifier: NCT01487889, title: Polyunsaturated fatty acids in child nutrition-a German multimodal optimisation study (PINGU).

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Erythrocyte fatty acid composition of Nepal breast-fed infants

Erythrocyte fatty acid composition of Nepal breast-fed infants

Complementary Feeding

Breastfeeding or formula feeding and iron status in the second 6 months of life: A critical role for complementary feeding

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