Fatty acid profiles of some insect oils and their effects on<i>in vitro</i>bovine rumen fermentation and methanogenesis

Jayanegara, Anuraga; Gustanti, Rinda; Ridwan, Roni; Widyastuti, Yantyati

doi:10.1080/1828051x.2020.1841571

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It is important to note that the crude protein content and amino acid profile may vary depending on the species, developmental stage, and nutritional quality of the reared substrate [ 46 , 47 ]. Moreover, the proximate analysis and fatty acid profile of the tested insects in the current study showed that they contain substantial amounts of fat, particularly in the form of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which has also been observed in previous studies [ 44 , 48 ]. Apart from high protein and fat contents, the evaluated insects had high content of fibre due to the presence of chitin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The mode of action by which lipids reduce enteric CH 4 might be through reduction of the fermentation of organic matter, thus decreasing the available H 2 for methanogens and/or a direct toxic effects on methanogenic archaea and protozoa [61,62]. The theory of reducing CH 4 by decreasing nutrient digestibility was confirmed by Jayanegara et al [44] following the addition of 5% insect oil to high-forage and high-concentrate diets; however, this was not observed in the current study, as nutrient digestibility was not affected. Therefore, direct inhibition of methanogens might be a possible theory in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Currently, insects are commonly used in the diets of livestock (poultry, rabbits, and pigs) and aquaculture species [ 14 , 42 ]. However, their usage in ruminant diets is still scarce, with few promising attempts [ 29 , 43 , 44 ]. The current study evaluated the use of four kinds of edible insects as substitutes for SBM in a ruminant diet (60% grass: 40% SBM), taking into account their effects on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation profile, and CH 4 production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have evaluated the addition of insects or their oils at different inclusion levels to ruminant diets and have shown that the insects have a lower nutritional value, as they lead to a decrease in the IVDMD and IVOMD due to chitin and high fat content, which may lead to inhibition of rumen microbes [ 29 , 30 , 43 , 44 ]. In contrast to the previous findings, the inclusion level of insects used in the current study as substitutes for SBM had no adverse effects on nutrient digestibility, which may be attributed to the low inclusion level (10%) used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insects as Novel Ruminant Feed and a Potential Mitigation Strategy for Methane Emissions

Ahmed

Fukuma

Hanada

et al. 2021

Animals

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This study is the first to evaluate the chemical composition and impacts of four different edible insects, Acheta domesticus (A.d), Brachytrupes portentosus (B.p), Gryllus bimaculatus (G.b), and Bombyx mori (B.m), on the digestibility, rumen fermentation, and methane production when used as a substitute for 25% of the soybean meal (SBM) in a ruminant diet through in vitro incubation. The dietary treatments were 100% grass hay, 60% grass hay + 40% SBM, 60% grass hay + 30% SBM + 10% A.d, 60% grass hay + 30% SBM + 10% B.p, 60% grass hay + 30% SBM + 10% G.b, and 60% grass hay + 30% SBM + 10% B.m. The experiment was conducted as a short-term batch culture for 24 h at 39 °C, and the incubation was repeated in 3 consecutive runs. Chemical analysis of the insects showed that they were rich in fat (14–26%) with a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (60–70%). Additionally, the insects were rich in protein (48–61%) containing all essential amino acids and the amino acid profiles of the insects were almost the same as that of SBM. The inclusion of insects did not affect nutrient digestibility or the production of volatile fatty acids but did increase the production of ammonia-nitrogen. The addition of G.b and B.m led to decrease in methane production by up to 18% and 16%, respectively. These results reveal that substitution of 25% SBM in the diet with the tested insects had no negative impacts, and their potential to reduce methane production is an environmental benefit.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insects as Novel Ruminant Feed and a Potential Mitigation Strategy for Methane Emissions

Ahmed

Fukuma

Hanada

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…Selain itu percobaan in vitro pada ruminansia juga menunjukkan adanya penurunan gas metana akibat penggunaan tepung larva BSF (Jayanegara et al 2017). Pemanfaatan 5%BK minyak serangga (maggot/jangkrik/ulat hongkong) dalam uji in vitro, dapat menekan produksi gas metana masing-masing penurunan sebesar 15,94%, 25,95%, dan 33,00% (Jayanegara et al 2020). Sedangkan penggunaan kitosan sebanyak 1,5 g/kg secara in-vitro dapat menurunkan produksi metana sebanyak 32% (Jiménez-Ocampo et al 2021).…”

Section: Kandungan Kitinunclassified

Utilization of Cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus), Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens), Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), and Silkworm (Samia ricini dan Bombyx mori) as Alternative Feed Protein Sources

Herliatika¹,

Permatahati²,

Pujiawati³

et al. 2021

WARTAZOA

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<p>The insect which contains high protein is potential to be used as an unconventional protein source (UPS) in feed. Production cost of this feedstuff is affordable through utilization of waste as growing media. Moreover, this production helps the environment by reducing the unprocessed waste. This study aims to review the potential use of cricket, black soldier fly (BSF), mealworm, and silkworm as UPS in replacing fish meal (FM) and soybean meal (SM) in the feed. The insect meal contains relative similar crude protein but higher ether-extract compared to conventional protein sources. The insect meal contains higher tyrosine but lower arginine, histidine, lysine, and tryptophan compared to FM and SM. The chitin content in UPS decreases the digestibility, causing restriction its utilization in the diet. However, it can be used as antibacterial and antifungal in feed, and in ruminant, it can be used to mitigate enteric methane emission. UPS in layer and broiler diet can replace SM, meanwhile, in quail diet, it can replace FM. From different sources, it can be summarised that the potential addition of BSF, cricket, mealworm, and silkworm in the broiler’s diet is 8%DM replacing 100% SM, 5-15%DM replacing 40-100% FM, 5-29,5%DM replacing 3-100% SM, and 7,8%DM replacing 100% SM, respectively. The potential addition of BSF and mealworm in the layer’s diet is 10-15%DM replacing 66-100% SM and 2-5%DM replacing 21% SM, respectively. The potential addition of cricket, mealworm, and silkworm in the quail’s diet is 2-8%DM replacing 25-100% FM, 2,25%DM replacing 25% FM, and 2,08-6,25%DM replacing 26-76% FM, respectively.</p>

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Physicochemical Properties of Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor Larva) Oil and its Hypolipidemic Effect as a Replacement for Dietary Saturated Fat in Mice

Liu

Lee

2022

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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This study analyzes the physicochemical properties of pressed mealworm (Tenebrio molitor larva) oil (PMO) and evaluates the beneficial effects as a replacement for dietary saturated fat. PMO has high contents of unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. PMO has a higher 𝜸-tocopherol content, brighter yellow color, lower 𝝆-anisidine value, and total oxidation value than that of lard or olive oil. The cholesterol content of PMO is lower than that of lard. The quality and stability of PMO are better than those of olive oil and lard. After feeding the mice for 12 weeks a high-fat diet (45% kcal from fat) by replacing the lard with PMO, the serum lipids (free fatty acid and triglyceride), LDL-cholesterol, nonHDL-cholesterol, atherogenic index, and insulin levels are significantly lower than those of the control group. PMO replacement reduces the hepatic lipid contents and lipid droplets compared to the control group, which is mediated by down-regulating the gene expression of the fatty acid uptake (CD36), lipogenesis transcription factors (PPAR𝜸 and ChREBP), and lipid biosynthesis-related enzymes (SCD1 and FAS). These results suggest that PMO is a good quality oil source with potential as a substitute lipid for saturated animal fat. Practical applications: Although some people are anxious about consuming insects, edible insects are one of the rising alternative food sources. The study suggests that pressed mealworm oil suppresses hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis not only by plentiful unsaturated fatty acids but also by affecting the expression of genes related to free fatty acid (FFA) uptake and lipid biosynthesis. The pressed mealworm oil can be successfully used as new edible lipid food ingredients.

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Fatty acid profiles of some insect oils and their effects onin vitrobovine rumen fermentation and methanogenesis

Cited by 27 publications

References 41 publications

Insects as Novel Ruminant Feed and a Potential Mitigation Strategy for Methane Emissions

Insects as Novel Ruminant Feed and a Potential Mitigation Strategy for Methane Emissions

Utilization of Cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus), Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens), Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), and Silkworm (Samia ricini dan Bombyx mori) as Alternative Feed Protein Sources

Physicochemical Properties of Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor Larva) Oil and its Hypolipidemic Effect as a Replacement for Dietary Saturated Fat in Mice

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