Fatty acid intake and metabolic syndrome among overweight and obese women

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Objective: To examine relations between fatty acids intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) status among overweight and obese women (n = 223). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The physical and laboratory tests included anthropometry, body composition evaluation and measurements of blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulinemia and lipid profiles. A three-day food diary was used to evaluate fatty acids consumption. Statistical analysis included χ 2 test and odds ratio measurements. Results: The women had 35.2 (6.9) years old and 15.2% presented MetS. Women with MetS presented higher serum levels of very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and insulin in addition to higher diastolic blood pressure in comparison to women without MetS. Overweight women with MetS consumed higher amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids -24.3 g (24.7 -36.4) versus overweight women without MetS -23.9 g (23.8 -26.8), polyunsaturated fatty acids -16.7 g (14.6 -21.1) versus overweight women without MetS -13.6 g (13.8 -15.8) and linoleic fatty acids -15.9 g (6.5) versus overweight women without MetS -13.1 g (5.1). Among obese women with MetS, higher intake of linoleic fatty acids was also noted -17.6 g (6.1) versus obese women without MetS -14.3 g (6.6) in addition to higher consumption of trans fatty acids -4.7 g (4.8 -6.3) versus obese women without MetS -3.9 g (2.9 -4.6). Increased quartiles of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, linoleic and trans fatty acid intake were significantly associated with a greater occurrence of MetS. Conclusion: Lipid intake may be related to MetS, although other factors also need to be considered, such as lifestyle, genetics and metabolism.

Crystal structure of FabZ-ACP complex reveals a dynamic seesaw-like catalytic mechanism of dehydratase in fatty acid biosynthesis

“…Increasing evidence suggests that overproduction of fatty acids by the FAS system is correlated with MetS and various cancers 12,13,14,15,16,17,41 . Inhibition of FAS activity significantly induces tumor cell apoptosis, suppresses tumor cell metastasis and improves insulin sensitivity 33,42,43 .…”

“…Inhibition of FAS activity significantly induces tumor cell apoptosis, suppresses tumor cell metastasis and improves insulin sensitivity 33,42,43 . Hence, hFASN is considered to be a promising anti-MetS and anti-tumor drug target for clinical therapy, and several specific inhibitors for interfering with the enzymatic activity of hFASN have been developed 3,41,42,43,44,45,46 . Unfortunately, most of these compounds have limited applications in clinical scenarios due to severe side effects or modest potency 23,33 .…”

Biochemical and Physiological Parameters in Rats Fed with High-Fat Diet: The Protective Effect of Chronic Treatment with Purple Grape Juice (Bordo Variety)

“…Over the years, changes in lifestyle have promoted a significant increase in the intake of lipids and an increase in body fat, which is largely a result from a positive energy balance, which is favored by a diet with high energy density such as the high-fat-diet (HFD) [1,2]. If this pattern of consumption is continuous it may contribute to the development of obesity, a disease considered a global epidemic, which is closely related to heart disease, diabetes, kidney disease, hepatic steatosis, metabolic syndrome, and certain types of cancer [3,4].…”

Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Risk. Evidence, Lack of Evidence, and Diligence

“…In a cross-sectional study, relations between fatty acids intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) status among overweight and obese women were addressed. Overweight women with MetS consumed higher amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and linoleic acid compared to overweight women without MetS [52]. Further, in a large sample of Swedish middle-aged men (total 2322), a follow-up of 32 years showed that raised amounts of palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acid were related to a higher risk for stroke/transient ischemic attack, whereas a higher proportion of linoleic acid was protective [53].…”