Fatty Acid Composition of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Seeds in Relation to Yield and Soil Chemical Properties on Continuously Monocropped Upland Fields Converted from Paddy Fields

Abstract

We evaluated the fatty acid compositions in relation to yield and soil nutrients from four fields A, B, C, and D with continuous monocropping histories of 0–3 years, respectively, in Japan from 2015 to 2016. Results showed that, in both evaluation years, seed yield did not significantly differ among the fields although field A produced the highest mean seed yield and 1000-seed weight. Between fields A and C, 1000-seed weight showed significant differences. The contents of seed-saturated fatty acids lauric and myristic decreased in only fields C and D whereas oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids increased in field D. Only field A produced the highest contents of lauric and myristic acids whereas field D produced the highest contents of linoleic and linolenic acids. The soil total N and exchangeable K contents tended to decrease as exchangeable Mg content significantly increased on the fields with long duration of cropping, fields C and D. Principal component analysis revealed significant positive correlations between soil exchangeable K, and total N contents with 1000-seed weight and lauric acid, as exchangeable Mg content was related with oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. Therefore, the high oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids from field D were mainly attributed to high soil exchangeable Mg content, whereas the high 1000-seed weight, lauric acid and myristic acid were due to the high soil exchangeable K content in field A. Overall, the fatty acid composition quality on the long-duration continuously monocropped fields could show high economic value at the expense of yield under this management practice in continuous monocropping.

Application of Plant Extracts in Micropropagation and Cryopreservation of Bleeding Heart: An Ornamental-Medicinal Plant Species

“…Apparently, the higher share of unsaturated FA than of saturated FA in the oat and sesame extracts negatively affects the survivability of shoot tips of bleeding heart 'Gold Heart' (sesame and oat extracts) and 'White Gold' (oat extract). Oleic and linoleic acids, dominating the lipid composition of sesame and oat grains [61,62], seem to be particularly meaningful.…”

The effect of roasting, storage temperature, and ethanoic basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) extract on the oxidative stability of crude sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) oil

“…For example, increasing the ratio of omega‐6 to omega‐3 essential fatty acids prevents up to 70% health risks of cardiovascular diseases, infection, and metabolic disorders (Hashempour‐baltork et al., 2017 ; 2018 ) and promote a healthy development (Candela et al., 2011 ). On the other hand, the total fatty acid content, individual fatty acid level, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (Tabee et al., 2008 ), and the ratio of omega‐6 to omega‐3 were significantly affected by the soil composition and climatic condition, season and year of harvest (Wacal et al., 2019 ), and processing (Dar et al., 2019 ; Hama, 2017 ). The CSO moisture content (0.37%) exceeded the recommended limit for storage and overall oil quality (0.2%) according to the CODEX specification which contributes to hasten oxidation.…”

Saturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Rich Populations of <i>Prinsepia utilis</i> Royle in Western Himalaya

“…Soil macronutrients are important for plant growth and biological processes and the development of seed quality. Nitrogen is important in fat synthesis, and both carbon and nitrogen are required in seed development 51) . In the present study, a negative correlation between available nitrogen and saturated fat (FA11, 14, 29) might be due to the different habitat conditions that do not adequately supply the nutrients.…”