Fatores de risco para infecção pelo HIV em pacientes com o vírus da hepatite C

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus share the same routes of transmission. Currently, there is a high frequency of co-infection worldwide, especially among users of injectable drugs and in subjects with history of blood transfusions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate risk factors associated to human immunodeficiency virus infection in patients infected with hepatitis C virus. METHODS:We carried out an epidemiological case-control study, including 118 patients (cases) infected by both viruses and 233 patients (controls) infected only by the hepatitis C virus. Between January 1999 and November 2001, patients responded to a questionnaire assessing sociodemographic and professional characteristics, and major risk factors for virus infection. After description and initial comparison, variables were evaluated by univariate analysis and then by multivariate logistic regression for variables selected through the maximum likelihood test. RESULTS:Co-infection was associated with female sex (OR=2.89; 95% CI: 1.16-7.08), being divorced/widow (OR=3.91; 95% CI: 1.34-11.35), past or current use of illegal drugs (OR=3.96; 95% CI: 1.55-10.13) and to the habit of sharing pipes or needles (OR=10.28; 95% CI: 4.00-6.42). CONCLUSIONS:Among patients infected with hepatitis C virus, female sex is a risk factor for HIV infection after adjustment for the habit of sharing pipes and needles. Being divorced/widow, use of illegal drugs, and the habit of sharing pipes and syringes were associated to co-infection.

Perfil epidemiológico dos usuários dos Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, no ano de 2005

“…A prevalência encontrada nesses CTAs foi maior nos viúvos seguidos dos divorciados/separados para ambos os sexos, diferindo novamente dos outros CTAs 11,19 . É possível que esse dado se relacione com outros tipos de comportamento, como maior número de parceiros e outras práticas sexuais, tornando esses indivídu-os mais vulneráveis 23 .…”

Hepatite C em portadores do vírus HIV-1 usuários de drogas no Piauí, Brasil

“…Outro aspecto importante, é que, mesmo nos países onde a doença é de notificação compulsória, estima-se um grande volume de subnotificações de casos, explicando, em parte, pela associação entre infecção e grupos socialmente marginalizados, como usuários de drogas e homossexuais. Além disso, as hepatites virais, por produzirem apreciável contingente de infecções assintomáticas, acabam por se disseminar na coletividade de uma maneira mais intensa que a evidenciada pelo aparecimento de casos clínicos, e por isso deixam de ser diagnosticadas (Silva & Barone, 2006).…”

IL28B gene polymorphisms in mono- and HIV-coinfected chronic hepatitis C patients

“…Coinfection is characterized by the impact of HIV on the natural course of HCV infection and vice-versa. HIV accelerates the progression of liver disease in HCV-infected individuals, thus increasing the risk of cirrhosis and viremia rates while reducing the odds of attaining an SVR to interferon-based treatment (Martino et al, 2001; Silva and Barone, 2006). …”