Fatigue-Crack Detection and Monitoring through the Scattered-Wave Two-Dimensional Cross-Correlation Imaging Method Using Piezoelectric Transducers

Xiao, Wenfeng; Yu, Lingyu; Joseph, Roshan; Giurgiutiu, Victor

doi:10.3390/s20113035

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The algorithm requires the incident wavefield

(x,y,t) and the scattered wavefield

(x,y,t) to be extracted separately by WF. A two-dimensional correlation calculation is performed for the two wavefields, as shown in Equation ( 1 ) [ 61 ].

…”

Section: Detection Methods Based On Full Wavefield Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intercorrelation values at the damage are much larger than those at the undamaged locations. Xiao et al [ 61 ] accurately quantified cracks in aluminum specimens by the CCI method with an error of only 3.3%. The stainless steel specimens were monitored for crack extension under fatigue loading with quantification errors as low as 2% for 5 mm cracks.…”

Section: Detection Methods Based On Full Wavefield Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review of Laser Ultrasonic Lamb Wave Damage Detection Methods for Thin-Walled Structures

Zheng

Luo

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Thin-walled structures, like aircraft skins and ship shells, are often several meters in size but only a few millimeters thick. By utilizing the laser ultrasonic Lamb wave detection method (LU-LDM), signals can be detected over long distances without physical contact. Additionally, this technology offers excellent flexibility in designing the measurement point distribution. The characteristics of LU-LDM are first analyzed in this review, specifically in terms of laser ultrasound and hardware configuration. Next, the methods are categorized based on three criteria: the quantity of collected wavefield data, the spectral domain, and the distribution of measurement points. The advantages and disadvantages of multiple methods are compared, and the suitable conditions for each method are summarized. Thirdly, we summarize four combined methods that balance detection efficiency and accuracy. Finally, several future development trends are suggested, and the current gaps and shortcomings in LU-LDM are highlighted. This review builds a comprehensive framework for LU-LDM for the first time, which is expected to serve as a technical reference for applying this technology in large, thin-walled structures.

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“…The algorithm requires the incident wavefield

(x,y,t) and the scattered wavefield

(x,y,t) to be extracted separately by WF. A two-dimensional correlation calculation is performed for the two wavefields, as shown in Equation ( 1 ) [ 61 ].

…”

Section: Detection Methods Based On Full Wavefield Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Methods Based On Full Wavefield Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Laser Ultrasonic Lamb Wave Damage Detection Methods for Thin-Walled Structures

Zheng

Luo

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…back-scattered waves). Cross-correlation imaging is a method that defined based on the concept that if both incident waves and the damage scattered waves are extracted separately, these two wavefields kinematically coincident at the discontinuities, and the magnitude of the crosscorrelation values at the discontinuities will be much larger than that of the remaining locations where it will be small or near zero [55][56][57][58]. In literature, most of the reported cross-correlation imaging work used incident waves to crosscorrelate with the back-scattered waves only for damage detection.…”

Section: Cross-correlation Imaging Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later, an enhanced imaging condition for composite damage imaging was developed which can provide enhanced imaging for multi-site damage as compared to the ZLCC method [55]. The authors have explored cross-correlation using the full scattered wave method but only have applied it to metallic plates for crack detection [56,57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delamination imaging in composites using cross-correlation method by non-contact air-coupled Lamb waves

Yu,

Xiao,

Mei

et al. 2023

Smart Mater. Struct.

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This paper presents a cross-correlation damage detection technique using damage scattered waves of all directions cross-correlate with the incident waves for delamination imaging in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite plate. The presented imaging can not only detect the delamination but also precisely quantify the damage with locations and sizes. First, a CFRP composite sample with interlaminar delamination by inserting the Teflon layer is designed and manufactured in house using the hot-press machine. And three-dimensional (3D) model of composite sample is simulated using the finite element method. Next, the cross-correlation imaging algorithm is introduced in detail, and the cross-correlation imaging proof-of-concept study is conducted with the simulated Lamb waves in the composite sample. Finally, a fully non-contact air-coupled transducer and scanning laser Doppler vibrometer system with a single-mode Lamb wave method is established to actuate and sense the interrogating Lamb waves in the structure. The imaging method is experimentally implemented for the one delamination and two delaminations imaging and quantification.

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“…A vibration-based structural damage identification method for structures under the influence of temperature and noise was developed by Huang et al [ 18 ]. Various techniques have been developed to detect damage in engineering structures based on the interaction of waves with damage [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Researchers have effectively used clay boundaries to prevent the reflection of waves from the plate boundaries during ultrasonic experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crack-Length Estimation for Structural Health Monitoring Using the High-Frequency Resonances Excited by the Energy Release during Fatigue-Crack Growth

Joseph

Mei

Migot

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Acoustic waves are widely used in structural health monitoring (SHM) for detecting fatigue cracking. The strain energy released when a fatigue crack advances has the effect of exciting acoustic waves, which travel through the structures and are picked up by the sensors. Piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) can effectively sense acoustic waves due to fatigue-crack growth. Conventional acoustic-wave passive SHM, which relies on counting the number of acoustic events, cannot precisely estimate the crack length. In the present research, a novel method for estimating the crack length was proposed based on the high-frequency resonances excited in the crack by the energy released when a crack advances. In this method, a PWAS sensor was used to sense the acoustic wave signal and predict the length of the crack that generated the acoustic event. First, FEM analysis was undertaken of acoustic waves generated due to a fatigue-crack growth event on an aluminum-2024 plate. The FEM analysis was used to predict the wave propagation pattern and the acoustic signal received by the PWAS mounted at a distance of 25 mm from the crack. The analysis was carried out for crack lengths of 4 and 8 mm. The presence of the crack produced scattering of the waves generated at the crack tip; this phenomenon was observable in the wave propagation pattern and in the acoustic signals recorded at the PWAS. A study of the signal frequency spectrum revealed peaks and valleys in the spectrum that changed in frequency and amplitude as the crack length was changed from 4 to 8 mm. The number of peaks and valleys was observed to increase as the crack length increased. We suggest this peak–valley pattern in the signal frequency spectrum can be used to determine the crack length from the acoustic signal alone. An experimental investigation was performed to record the acoustic signals in crack lengths of 4 and 8 mm, and the results were found to match well with the FEM predictions.

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Fatigue-Crack Detection and Monitoring through the Scattered-Wave Two-Dimensional Cross-Correlation Imaging Method Using Piezoelectric Transducers

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

A Review of Laser Ultrasonic Lamb Wave Damage Detection Methods for Thin-Walled Structures

A Review of Laser Ultrasonic Lamb Wave Damage Detection Methods for Thin-Walled Structures

Delamination imaging in composites using cross-correlation method by non-contact air-coupled Lamb waves

Crack-Length Estimation for Structural Health Monitoring Using the High-Frequency Resonances Excited by the Energy Release during Fatigue-Crack Growth

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